[35] FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 421 



2. Thaleichfhys pacificit§ (Eieh.) Girard. Eulachon; Can- 



dle-fish. 



Columbia Eiver and Puget Sound (Jordan and Gilbert) ; 

 Vancouver Island (Giinther); known from various 

 localities in the Gulf of Alaska, extending to Kat- 

 mai on the peninsula of Aliaska. 



The eulachon ascends the rivers in immense schools in 

 the spring. It is an excellent food fish, both fresh 

 and salted, and is the source of an oil or fat which 

 has some commercial importance and is much used 

 by natives. 



27297. Frazer's Eiver, British Columbia, Jordan & Gilbert. 



3. Osmerus mordai (Mitch.) Gill. Smelt. 



Atlantic coast from Nova Scotia to Virginia, entering 

 streams and becoming land-locked, especially in lakes 

 of Maine and New Hampshire; reaches a large size 

 in Lake Champlain. 



14797. Eastport, Maine, U. S. Fish Commission. 



4. Osmerus dentex Steindachner. Northern Smelt. 



Eastern Siberia and Northern Alaska, not yet observed 

 south of Saint Michael's, representing, in the North 

 Pacific, 0. eperlanus and 0. mordax of the Atlantic. 

 29937 (223). Saint Michael's, Alaska, August 20, 1880, E. W. Nelson. 



5. Osmerus thaleichlliys Ayres. Eulachon Smelt. 



Coast of California from Monterey northward. Bather 

 common in San Francisco market. 



27019. Monterey, California, Jordan & Gilbert. 



6. Hypomesus pretiosus (Grd.) Gill. Surf Smelt. 



This species derives its name from its habit of spawn- 

 ing in the surf. Its known range is from San Fran- 

 cisco to Yakutat Bay, Alaska. 



All the examples of Osmerus attenuates Lockington, 

 so called in the National Museum collection, appear 

 to me to be Hypomesus pretiostis, and the description 

 of 0. attenuates fits the surf smelt very well. 



27276. Puget Sound, 1880, Jordan & Gilbert. 



7. Hyphalonedrus chalyfoeius Goode. 



Atlantic Ocean, in deep water, off the coast of Bhode 

 Island and southward to about N. lat. 38° 30' ; first 

 observed in the summer of 1880. 



29062. N. lat. 38° 31', W. long. 73° 21', 156 fathoms, October 18, 1881. 

 U. S. Fish Commission. 



