620 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. [108] 



Calothrix confervicola, Ag. East coast. 



Calothrix scopulorum, Ag. East coast. 



Sphcerozyga Carmichaelii, Harv. Wood's Holl, Massachusetts. 



Petrocelis cruenta, Ag. Eastport, Maine. 



Spirulina tenuissima, Kiitz. Eastport, Maine. 



Chnoospora fastigiata, Ag. San Diego, California. 



Hormactis Farlowi, Bornet. East coast. 



HERBARIUM OF NORTH AMERICAN ALCM. 



Prepared by W. G. Farlow, C. L. Anderson, and D. C. Eaton. 



SPECIMENS OF ROCK FORMATION FROM DEEP WATER OFF THE NEW 



ENGLAND COAST. 



These specimens were derived as follows: one from Station 1124, 

 United States Fish Commision, lat. 40° 01' K, long. 68° 54' W., depth 

 640 fathoms; one from George's Bank, depth 70-200 fathoms, collected 

 by a Gloucester fishing schooner, and presented by J. D. Lloyd, Glouces- 

 ter ; and one from George's Bank, depth not recorded, collected by 

 a Gloucester fishing schooner. 



Prof A. E. Verrill wrote as follows, in 1878, and again in 1882, regard- 

 ing the discovery of these rock specimens : 



" One of the most important results of the investigations by the United 

 States Fish Commission, in 1878, was the discovery of a hitherto un- 

 known geological formation, apparently of great extent, belonging prob- 

 ably to the Miocene or later Tertiary. The evidence consists of numer- 

 ous large fragments of eroded, but hard, compact, calcareous sandstone 

 and arenaceous limestone, usually perforated by the burrows of Saxicava 

 rugosa, and containing in more or less abundance fossil shells, fragments 

 of lignite, and in one case a spatangoid sea-urchin. Probably nearly 

 one-half of the species are northern forms, still living on the New Eng- 

 land coast, while many others are unknown upon our coasts, and are ap- 

 parently, for the most part, extinct. From George's Bank about a dozen 

 fossiliferous fragments have been obtained, containing more than twenty- 

 five distinct species of shells. These fragments came from various parts 

 of the bank, including the central part, in depths varying from 35 to 70 

 fathoms, or more. From Banquereau we received one specimen of 

 similar rock, and from the Grand Banks two similar specimens. At 

 present, it appears probable that these fragments have been detached 

 from a very extensive submerged Tertiary formation, at least several 

 hundreds of miles in length, extending along the outer banks, from off 

 Newfoundland nearly to Cape Cod, and perhaps constituting, in large 

 part, the solid foundations of these remarkable submarine elevations." 



"At several localities off the southern coast of New England, during 

 the summer of 1882, tba United States Fish Commission steamer Fish- 

 liawk dredged up at several stations, but especially in depths of 234, 



