[45] FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 689 



Ideal fishing schooner "New Era" — Continued. 



difference in draught between the bow and stern, that is, less 

 drag-line. The rig differs from that of the American schooner 

 in having a stem staysail and jib, instead of the large jib now 

 universally used, and also in having shorter lower masts. In 

 summer the rig might be changed by the addition of a fore- 

 topmast and jib-boom, with sails to correspond. It is believed 

 that a vessel constructed on such a model would be safer in 

 heavy gales, and much swifter, taking the chances as they 

 come, than schooners of the ordinary type, which have 

 much less body under water. The ballast cau, of course, be 

 placed lower, and thereby the leverage increased and the 

 chances of capsizing diminished. Dimensions of full size vessel. — 

 Hull: Length over all, 85 feet; keel, 69 feet; beam, 21£ feet; 

 depth of hold, 10 feet; draught, aft 10 J feet, forward 8 feet. 

 Spars: Bowsprit (outside), 20 feet; foremast (full length), 69 

 feet; mainmast, 70£ feet; main-topmast, 36 feet; mainboom, 

 58 feet (23 feet outside slings) ; foreboom, 25i feet. 



Three-masted Grand Bank cod-fishing schooner "Lizzie W. 

 Matheson," of Provincetown, Mass. 



Builder's model, scale \ inch to foot. Moderately sharp bow ; 

 straight side ; good sheer; low, rounding bilge; long floor, with 

 little dead-rise ; rather short run ; square, slightly overhang- 

 ing stern. 193 tons register. Capacity for 5,000 quintals, or 

 560,000 pounds of codfish. Dimensions of original : Length 

 over all, 105 feet ; keel, 88 feet ; beam, 24 feet ; depth of hold, 

 about 9 feet; draught of water aft, in ballast trim, 9f feet. 

 Essex, Mass. Built by James & McKenzie. Model exhibited 

 by Messrs. H. & S. Cook, Provincetown, Mass., the owners of 

 the vessel. 



BOATS. 



MODELS OF ALL IMPORTANT TYPES OF BOATS AND FULL-SIZED BOATS 

 USED IN THE FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES, INCLUDING PORT- 

 ABLE AND FOLDING BOATS, DUG- OUTS, SKIN BOATS, BARK CANOES, 

 ETC. 



5. Sloop, cutter, and cat-rigged, square-stern boats. 



Menhaden carry-away sloop. 



Model, scale £ inch to foot. Clipper-build ; long ; sharp bow ; broad 

 beam; light draught; center-board; wide, rather flat floor; fine 

 run; square stern; decked, with large covered hatchway amid- 

 ships (14 feet long, 8 feet wide) ; cabin aft. Greenport, N. Y., 

 1883. 57,029. U. S. Fish Commission. This model represents 

 2444— Bull. 27 44 



