724 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. [80] 



Spun-yarn. 



Hemp, tarred (2-thread) j one coil ; weight, 4 pounds. Value, 1882, 

 12£ cents per pound. 54,401. U. S. Fish Commission. For 

 bending anchors, seizing stays, rigging gear, &c. 



Spun-tarn. 



Manila ; one coil ; weight, 12^ pounds. Value, 1882, 17 cents per 

 pound. 54,402. U. S. Fish Commission. For bending sails 

 and anchors, rigging fishing gear, &c. 



Marline. 



Hemp, tarred ; one coil ; weight, 10 pounds. Value, 1882, 18 cents 

 per pound. 54,403. U. S. Fish Commission. Used on fishing 

 vessels for seizings, &c. 



Sail-twine. 



White cotton sail-twine for sail-makers' use. Value, 1882, 20 cents 

 per pound. 54,408. U. S. Fish Commission. Used for making 

 and mending sails and for rigging fishing gear. 



Gang of standing rigging. 



Model, scale 6 inches to foot. This gang of rigging, which is 

 one-half the size used on New England fishing schooners of 80 

 tons, is chiefly of hemp, and includes jib and jumper stays, fore 

 and main shrouds — the eyes of the rigging being fitted over 

 false mast heads — triatic stay, topmast stays, &c. The man- 

 ner of fitting fishing schooners' rigging is accurately shown. 

 Exhibited by James M. Simms, Gloucester, Mass. 



32. Windlasses and capstans. 



The "Providence" steam capstan -windlass. (Model.) 



Iron ; worked by a system of interlocking cog-wheels and gearing, 

 these being set in operation either by a capstan worked by hand 

 or steam-power. Patented in the United States and Great 

 Britain. Providence, E. I. 57,053. American Ship Windlass 

 Company. 

 " The advantages of this style of windlass over our old steam wind- 

 lass are: (1.) It can be set up in one-quarter the time and one- 

 quarter the expense required when the engines are hung up to 

 deck above. (2.) The engines being connected to the plate and 

 all the parts of the windlass being tied together by the same 

 plate, the whole must remain always in line ; if the deck above 

 twists or strains or is entirely crushed in or swept away, the 

 windlass can be worked by steam as efficiently as before. (3.) 

 The engines are more accessible, being at the right height and 

 in the most convenient position possible — the engines, lock- 



