[23] FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 847 



Clam-chopper. 



Iron ; a circular steel-edged blade with straight blade crossing at 

 right angles, these being joined to iron handle, which has an 

 eye or loop at top. Diameter of circular blade, 5 inches ; length 

 of chopper (including blades), 2f feet. Provincetown, Mass., 

 1877. 29,489. Gift of William H. Hesbolt. Used to chop 

 clams for mackerel bait. 



Clam-chopper. 



Iron j three parallel steel-edged blades joined to iron handle, which 

 has knob at top. Length of blades, 5£ inches ; width, 2\ inches ; 

 length of handle, 3£ feet. Gloucester, Mass., 1878/ 32,676. 

 Gift of Adolph Voss. Used to chop clam-bait for mackerel. 



Bait-chopper. 



Specimen of an old-style bait-chopper used by New England fish- 

 ermen. Exhibited by William B. Parsons, Bockport, Mass. 



Bait-mill. 



Used in cutting bait in menhaden fishery. Little used at present, 

 owing to the introduction of the purse-seine. Manufactured 

 and exhibited by Adolph Voss, Gloucester, Mass. 



4. Thrusting spears and prods. 



LANCES. 



WHALING LANCES. 



(See list of apparatus used in the whale fishery.) 



LANCES USED IN KILLING SEALS. 



Seal-lance. . 



Pole, wood ; lance-head, flint, lashed to pole and served with seal 

 sinew; grip, ivory. Length, 10 feet 2 inches. Norton Sound, 

 Alaska. Collected by E. W. Nelson. 



Seal-lance. 



Long, heavy, semi- cylindrical blade of walrus ivory, secured in 

 heavy cedar handle by a serving of stout sinew ; butt of heavy 

 ivory, secured in similar manner. Length, 49 inches. Ooglaa- 

 mie, Point Barrow, Alaska, 1882. 72,833. Lieut. P. H. Bay, 

 U. S. A. 



Seal-lance. 



A stout wooden handle with walrus-ivory lance, hollowed on one 

 side, and an ivory butt-piece ; the lance is lashed to the han- 

 dle with a seizing of gut, and further secured by a string from 

 the inner side of tip ; an ivory peg is fastened to the butt of 



