906 FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. [82] 



Throw-line with minnow hooks — Continued. 



wood and bone. Used by Pai-Ute (Nyuma) Indians. Pyra- 

 mid Lake, Nevada, 1876. 19,047. Collected by Stephen 

 Powers. 



Fishing tackle. 



"Otter" with line and flies attached. The tackle consists of a flat 

 board, 1 inch thick, cut in boat shape, 2 feet long and 1 foot 

 wide; main line of linen wound on a thin board; gangings of 

 braided silk ; gut snells ; trout hooks trimmed with feathers. 

 Lake City, Minn., 1877. Gift of William Morris. 29,293. Used 

 in lake and river fishing in Western States. 



DEEP-SEA HAND-GEAK. 



(Hand-lines used by Eslcimo and Indians.) 



Halibut fishing tackle (3). 



Lines made of the stem of the giant kelp (xlereocystis lutJceana), the 

 lower portion of which is solid and cylindrical, and about a 

 fourth of an inch in diameter. Hooks made of splints from 

 hemlock knots bent in form somewhat resembling an ox-bow. 

 Barbs made of bone are lashed to lower side with slips of spruce 

 or strips of bark of white cherry. Made by Clyoquet and 

 Makah Indians. Puget Sound, 1863-1876. 1,140; 26,819; 

 26,822. Collected by James G. Swan. 



Halibut line and hook. 



Kelp (Nereoeystis) made in lengths of about 30 feet and knotted to- 

 gether as required. Hook made of splints from hemlock knot ; 

 bone barb. Makah Indians, Cape Flattery, Washington Ter- 

 ritory, 1883. 72,642. James G. Swan. The kelp is obtained 

 during summer in 15 or 20 fathoms of water on the halibut 

 banks off Cape Flattery, soaked in running fresh water, 

 stretched on the beach till partly dry, and finally smoked and 

 "cured." When dry the lines are brittle; when wet, exceed- 

 ingly tough and durable, and make excellent fishing-lines. 



Fish-line and halibut hooks (2). 



Line made of kelp (Nereocystis lutJceana). Hooks made of wood, in 

 two pieces, lashed together in a point at lower end, with iron 

 barbs. One shank is carved to represent a fish, the other a 

 man's arm and hand. Made by Scowallis tribe of Haidah In- 

 dians. Prince of Wales Archipelago, Alaska, 1868. 6,561. 

 Collected by Dr. T. T. Minor. 



