[61] FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 1091 



Whale-oil refinery — Continued. 



room the oil, previously chilled and pressed, is drained into 

 shallow tanks and bleached by exposure to the sun, shining 

 through large skylights. 



Storage of whale oil. 



View of wharf, with casks of oil partly covered with sea-weed to 

 prevent leakage. New Bedford, Mass., 1882. Photo. 1,822 

 IT. S. Fish Commission. 



9. Fish oils and guano. 



menhaden oil and guano. 



Menhaden oil and guano factory. 



Large model of factory of Joseph Church & Co. All the apparatus 

 used in preparing oil and guano is shown in this model, the 

 fish-pens, cooking-tanks, presses, oil-room, &c; also, the board- 

 ing-bouse for the workmen, and the office of the superintendent. 

 A Menhaden steamer is represented at the wharf in position to 

 unload her cargo. Tiverton, E. I. IT. S. Fish Commission. 



Guano mixer. 



Model. Patented April 27, 1867. Baltimore, Md. This mixer is 

 employed in the fish-guano works for the purpose of thoroughly 

 mixing the fish scrap with the mineral phosphates and sul- 

 phuric acid. 



cod-liver oil. 

 Oil-bags. 



Stout cotton drilling ; three loops around opening to attach it to 

 bag-filler. Length, 16J inches ; width, 14 inches. Gloucester, 

 Mass., 1883. 57,885. IT. S. Fish Commission. Used in making 

 cod-liver oil. These are filled with stearine or blubber and sub- 

 jected to heavy pressure, which extracts the oil from the con- 

 tents of the bags. 



Bag-filler. 



Tin ; conical ; opening at top, 14£ inches diameter ; mouth, or lower 

 opening, 8 inches diameter. Iron hooks around bottom to hang 

 bags on, 12 inches deep. Projecting shelf attached to top to 

 catch drippings. Width of shelf, 13 inches ; length, 12 inches. 

 Gloucester, Mass., 1883. 57,863. IT. S. Fish Commission. 

 Used for fillings bags with blubber and stearine. 



Wooden horse for bag-filler. 



Two feet high, 2 feet 3 inches long, 13 inches wide. Circular hole 

 in top of horse for bag-filler. Gloucester, Mass., 1883. 57,864. 

 IT. S. Fish Commission. Used in the manufacture of cod-liver 

 oil. 



