[15] FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 1169 



Until 1878 the work of the United States Commission was confined 

 wholly to fresh-water and anadromous species. In this year, however, 

 a station was established at Gloucester, Mass., for the propagation of 

 of marine species ; and cod, herring, and haddock were successfully 

 hatched. In 1880 successful experiments were made with several food- 

 fishes from our southern seaboard. The following is a list of the prin- 

 cipal species artificially hatched in the United States, with the date 

 when, and the person by whom, the experiments were first made: 



1. Brook trout, Salvelinus fontikalis, by Dr. T. Garlick in 1851. 



2. White-fish, Goregonus clupeiformis, by Mtiller and Brown in 1857. 



3. Lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush, by Mtiller and Brown in 1857. 



4. Pike perch, Stizostedium americanum, by Mtiller and Brown in 



1857. 



5. Atlantic salmon, Salmo solar, by J. B. Johnston in 1864. 



6. Land-locked salmon, Salmo solar, subsp. sebago, by Robinson and 



Hoyt in 1867. 



7. Shad, Glupea sapidissima, by Seth Green in 1867. 



8. California salmon, Oncorhynchus chouicha, by Livingston Stone 



in 1872. 



9. Striped bass, Roccus striatus, by M. G. Holton in 1873. 



10. Oquassa trout, Salvelinus oquassa, by C. G. Atkins in 1874. 



11. Sea bass, Gerdropristis nigricans, by Fred Mather in 1874. 



12. Grayling, Thymallus tricolor, by Fred Mather in 1875. 



13. Sturgeon, Acipenser sturio, by Seth Green in 1875. 



14. Smelt, Osmerus mordax, by James Ricardo in 1876. 



15. Herring, Glupea harengus, by Vinal 1ST. Edwards in 1877. 



16. Alewife, Glupea vernalis, by T. B. Ferguson in 1877. 



17. Oyster, Ostrea virginica, by W. K. Brooks in 1877. 



18. Cod, Gadus morrhua, by James W. Milner in 1878. 



19. Haddock, Melanogrammus ceglejinus, by R. Edward Earll in 1879. 



20. Carp, Gyprinus carpio, by Rudolph Hessel in 1879. 



21. Spanish mackerel, Scomberomorus maculatus, by R. Edward Earll 



in 1880. 



22. Cero, Scomberomorus regalis, by R. Edward Earll in 1880. 



23. Moon -fish, GImtodipterus faber, by R. Edward Earll in 1880. 



24. Silver gar, Tylosurus marinus, by Marshall McDonald in 1881. 



25. Gold-fish, Garassius auratus, by Rudolph Hessel in 1881. 



26. Tench, Tinea vulgaris, by Rudolph Hessel in 1881. 



27. Soft-shelled clam, My a arenaria, by J. A. Ryder in 1881. 



As the operations of the Commission have increased, and the propa- 

 gation of additional species has been undertaken, it has been found de- 

 sirable to increase the number of hatching stations. These are of two 

 kinds, known as collecting and distributing stations. The former are 

 located near the spawning grounds of those species for which they are 

 especially intended. The eggs are secured at these stations, and enough 

 having been reserved to stock the waters of that region, the remainder 

 2444— Bull. 27 74 



