Different Modes of Budding. 307 



Emporte-piece. (Jig. 47-) — A pair of pincers ought to be made 

 47 on purpose, with which a piece of bark is taken 



off the stock. With the same instrument, or with 

 the blade of the grafting-knife, an escutcheon or 

 plate of bark, having a vigorous eye in its centre, 

 is taken off a young shoot of the tree to be pro- 

 pagated. It must be exactly of the same size as 

 the wound made in the stock, in order to fill it 

 with the greatest precision. When it is properly 

 fixed, it is supported by means of grafting- wax or 



soft wax. This method is excellent for budding old trees, the 



thick and rugged bark of which is not suitable for the ordinary 



modes. 



8. Escutcheon Budding, "with the Eye turned dow?i'wards ; Greffe 

 enE'cusson a Reboius. — The escutcheon is cut in such a manner 

 that the point of the eye, when placed on the stock, is turned 

 downwards, whether the incision in the stock is made in the 

 usual manner, or like a T reversed, thus, jr^. By this method, 

 the buds are forced to grow in a direction opposite to that which 

 they would have taken naturally ; but they soon resume their 

 usual position ; and the desired end, viz,, that of increasing the 

 size of the fruit by stagnating the returning sap, is thus by no 

 means attained. 



9. Reversed Escutcheon Budding ; Greffe en E'cusson renverse. 

 (Jig. 48.) — The escutcheon is prepared in the form of a tri- 

 angle ; but instead of bringing it to a point under the eye, it is 



pointed above it. It will be perceived that the in- 

 cision in the bark of the stock must be also reversed ; 

 that is to say, instead of being in the form of an 

 upright T, it must be like a T turned upside down, 

 as in the figure. To effect this, the longitudinal 

 incision is made above the transversal one, instead 

 of making it below it. It is finished with ligaments 

 and grafting-wax, as the preceding modes. In com- 

 paratively cool and moist climates, like that of 

 Britain, the grafting-wax may be dispensed with in 

 such cases as this and the three or four preceding ones. This 

 manner of budding is almost the only one used in the south of 

 Europe, particularly at Genoa and at Hieres, to multiply orange 

 trees. It is also suitable for the propagation of trees having 

 abundant and gummy sap ; and it might probably be advan- 

 tageously employed to secure the success of buds on resinous 

 trees. 



10. Budding resinous Trees; Greffe en E'cusson d 'Arbres re- 

 sineux. (Jig. 49.) — An incision is made in the form of T, as if 

 for an ordinary bud, in the bark of the stock. A double in- 

 cision is then made obliquely, about two lines or two lines and a 



y 4 



