Groivih of Trees at Flashy Hall. 491 



which are not. It is, moreover, true, that some leaves of exoo-ens 

 emit fibres from the costa, when placed in moist heat ; but this 

 cannot be done with any dissevered part of a palm: its consti- 

 tutional unity forbids all subdivision, except by seeds. There 

 are no articulations among the members of a palm, except, per- 

 haps, among those of the inflorescence. The fronds, from their 

 intimate connexion with the stem, as described by Mr. Gardner, 

 are only foliar expansions of that member; and, therefore, it 

 appears much more reasonable to say, as well as believe, that 

 they are parcel of the stem, rather than the contrary. 

 Chelsea, September 20. 1837. 



Art. IV. Notes on the Gi-ovoth of Trees at Flashy Hall, near Gar- 

 grave, in Craven, Yorkshire. By George Wintersgill. ^ 



My employer, with whom I have now been upwards of fifteen 

 years gardener, and who has long been observant on most subjects 

 relating to natural history, having lent me his notes in full upon 

 the growth of trees here, I am induced to forward a copy of 

 part of them to you with his permission, trusting to your dis- 

 cretion in their use. 



772^ Dimensions of some particular Trees at Flashy Hall, in 

 Craven, Yorkshire, frst taken in December, 1806; "mth some 

 Remarks thereon. — Those on the house side of the water are 

 chiefly growing on limestone diluvium ; and those on the other 

 side, on the shale beds of Flasby, which have been so ably eluci- 

 dated by Professor Philips of York ; and are the beds which 

 contain the Ammonites figured by him in the second part of the 

 Geology of Yorkshire ; the debris of which is a strong yellow 

 clay, covered with hazel loam of the same colour. 



A wych elm ( ?7'lmus montana), near the south-west corner 

 of the house, planted in 1789, 16 in. from ground, measured, 

 in 1806, Dec. 1., 42 in. circumference; 1816, 64 in.; 1823, 

 70in. ; 1830, 80| in. ; 1836, Sept. 12., 86 in. This tree is 

 upon a deep soil, advantageously situated for growth, one side 

 open to the flower-garden. In 1823, one large branch was 

 obliged to be cut off, comprising, probably, one third of the 

 branches; and it is even now not above half covered over. 



The beech near the appi'oach road, planted in 1788, 3 ft. 

 fromground, 1806,21|in.; 1816,37^in.; 1823, 46 in.; 1830, 

 55 in.; 1836, 65^ in. This tree is in the midst of others. The 

 whole of the trees are selected, as those most likely to be left as 

 standards eventually, and are all not very far from the house, 

 or in its approach. This tree is just upon the edge of the 

 singular sand and gravel bed upon which the house stands, on 

 the angle formed by the bend of the valley changing north and 



