62 



Arboricultural Flora of Sweden. 



















Difference 





North 

 latitude. 



Year. 



Winter. 



Spring. 



Summer. 



Autumn. 



between 

 Summer & 



















Winter. 









Fahr. 



Fahr. 



Fahr. 



Falir. 



Fahr. 



Fahr. 



Mageroe - 



71° 



10' 



23-2° 



23-7° 



29-5° 



435 



31-8 



19 8° 



Enontekis, 1430 Fod. 



68 



50 



22-3 



2-6 



25-0 



54-7 



27-1 



52-1 



Umeii 



63 



50 



35-4 



13-3 



33-2 



57-4 



37-6 



44-1 



Trondhiem - 



63 



26 



39-6 



23-4 



38-1 



59-0 



37-8 



356 



Hernosand 



62 



38 



36-0 



17-2 



32-4 



56-0 



38-3 



38-8 



Ullensvang - 



60 



20 



43-9 



30-2 



41-4 



60-1 



44-1 



299 



Christiania 



59 



55 



41-6 



25-2 



39-1 



59-4 



42-3 



34-2 



Upsal 



59 



52 



41-9 



24-8 



39-4 



60-5 



42-7 



35-7 



Stockholm 



59 



20 



42-1 



25-6 



38-3 



61-0 



43-6 



35-4 



Lund 



55 



42 



45-0 



29-7 



41-7 



62-1 



47-0 



32-4 



Copenhagen, Sept. 1835. 



Art. III. On the Arboricultural Flora of Sweden. By Dr. Agardh, 

 late Professor of Botany at Lund, now Bishop of Carlstadt. 



The arboricultural flora of Sweden may be divided into three 

 regions ; 1 . that of the beech ; 2. that of the oak ; and 3. that of 

 the birch. 



1, The Region of the Beech is the most southern, and it terminates obliquely 

 towards the north; its boundary line extending from the east coast at Calmar 

 (56° 45') through the province of Smoland, and West Gothland, to the river 

 of Gotha, at 57° 45'; and thence proceeding to the south of Norway, near 

 Christiania and Lavu'wig. The vegetation of this region has the character of 

 that of the north of Germany; but modified by the fertile soil of Scania, and 

 the mountainous surface of Smoland. The climate resembles that of the 

 south of Scotland and the north of England. The peaches, apricots, and 

 grapes ( Titis vinlfera) ripen every year in Scania, as does also the sweet 

 chestnut (Castanea vesca). The low shrubs of this region are, Evica [Calluna] 

 vulgaris and E. retralix, £''mpetrum, and, in some places, Cytisus scoparius ; 

 Genista germanica, pilosa, and tinctoria; Thymus (Serpyllum, Faccinium sp., 

 and the small salixes. Of large trees, we find woods of beech, birch, oak, elm 

 ( L^lmus campestris), alders (y^'lnus glutinosa), and of pines (Pinus sylvestris). 

 Of low trees and shrubs, we possess J^cer campestre, i/edera iyelix, jDaphne 

 Mezereum and Laureola, Caprifolium Periclymenum, and ionicera Xylosteum ; 

 various roses, rubuses, and sahxes ; (Sambucus nigra, iigustrum vulgare, Car- 

 pinus ^etulus ; TiWa. borealis (intermedia Dec.), Berberis vulgaris, Pjrus 

 commiinis and ikfalus, Cotoneaster vulgaris, jEuonymus europae\is; Morbus 

 A'r'ia, intermedia, and aucuparia; Paxus baccata, Corylus Jvellana, Rhkxn- 

 nus catharticus and Frangula, Priinus spinosa, Cerasus Padus and avium, 

 (7ratae^gus Oxyacantha and [Ox.] monogyna ; Populus tremula, nigra, and 

 alba ; ikfyrica Gale, and Cornus sanguinea. 



2. The Region of the Oak is to the north of the I'egion of the beech, and it 

 also terminates obliquely, though in a contrary direction, descending from 

 Gefle (90° 40'), and following almost the limits of Weshnanland, and Nerike 

 on the south of Warmeland, to the same point on the west, where the former 

 region is terminated by the river of Gotha. With the exception of the beech, 

 which fails totally, and the elm, which is only found occasionally, the woods 

 partake of the character of those in the lower region ; though the shrubs and 



