CHIONIS MINOK. 95 



The tihickening and expansion of the conjoined tendon, just over the 

 posterior part of tibio-tarsal-joiut, is very marked, adding much to the 

 lever-power of the muscle. 



VISCERA. 



On removal of sternum and scapular girdle, the ribs being cut 

 through at a short distance from the sternal margins, only trachea, 

 pericardium, and liver became visible, covering in the rest of the 

 viscera. A considerable deposit of finely granular sabulous matter 

 was found upon the serous covering of the lungs and viscera, which 

 was preserved for future examination. There is no sternal fold of 

 trachea, its bifurcation appearing just above manubrium sterni. Oesoph- 

 agus lies beneath and to the right side of trachea. It is dilated into 

 a very wide, triangular, definitely-circumscribed iugluvies, which meas- 

 ures in the alcoholic specimen about 1.50 by 1.00 inch. 



Proventriculus is but a slight dilatation.of cesophagus, well provided 

 with secreting glands internally. The glands are cylindrical in shape, 

 and some of them measure quite 0.10 inch in length. They are disposed 

 in a zone of unequal width about the proventricular opening of the 

 stomach, extending very much further upward anteriorly than poste- 

 riorly, where the lining of the proventriculus soon becomes reticulated. 

 The orifices of the glands are very large, and tbeir general structure 

 and disposition are clearly visible to the naked eye. 



Gizzard is elongated, 1.50 by 0.80 inch. Tendinous centres are sit- 

 uated laterally, a baud of stout muscle passing downward over the an- 

 terior and central portion, spreading out over the bottom of the viscus, 

 and curving sharply over posteriorly as a thick fleshy lip, the margin of 

 which sinks into a deep sulcus, concave superiorly, and extending nearly 

 the whole width of the stomach. From the centre of this sulcus passes 

 upward a stout muscular fascicle, diverging as it ascends so as to cover 

 the posterior surface of the stomach, and its sides above the lateral 

 tendinous centers. The duodenum is given off from the right side, 0.50 

 inch from the lower border of proventriculus. Internally, the stomach 

 is deeply rugous, the rugae running for the most part axiaily, but merg- 

 ing in the upper third into a rough pavement of irregular prominences, 

 produced by transverse sulci crossing the longitudinal. The principal 

 grinding surfaces are, as was to be expected from the external arrange- 

 ment of muscle, anterior and posterior instead of lateral, as usually is 

 the case. The gizzard contaiued several pebbles, three as large as a 

 grain of coflee, the beaks of two cephalopods, shells of small patellae, 

 and a considerable mass of pale green vegetable matter. 



