38 



dian name may perhaps be iucerpreted to mean " the fish which the 

 Spanish call Lady-fish." The name is not inappropriate, for the species 

 is remarkable for the grace of its form and the beauty and elegance of 

 its colors. My speciuiens measure eight inches. 



Color. — Head and upper half of body to the third ray of the soft dor- 

 sal rich chestnut-brown ; the remainder, including the lower half of the 

 operculum, bright golden-yellow. 



The lips have conspicuous folds. The pre-operculum is very percepti- 

 hly denticulated. The two anterior ventral rays and the soft dorsal and anal 

 and the caudal lobes are much produced, the dorsal and anal prolonga- 

 tions extending to the middle of the median caudal rays 5 the outer cau- 

 dal rays are twice as long as the median. 



POMAOEl^TEIDJB. 



• GLYPHIDODON SAXATILIS, {Linne) Cuvier. 

 Cow-pilot; SEnaEANT-MAJOK. 



Ja^MacflgMare,MARCGRAVE, Hist. &c. Brasil. iv, 1648, 156. 



Sparus fasciis ^uinque transversis fuscis, Linn:i^, Amoen. Acad, i, 1749, 312. 



Chwtodon fasciis quinque albis, cauda Mfurca, Linne, Mus. Ad. Fried, i, 1754, 54. 



ChcBtodon saxatilis, Linn:6, Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 1, 1758, 277 ; ed. 12, 1, 1766, 466. — Gmelin, 



Linn^, Syst. Nat. 1, 1788, 1253.— Bloch, Ichth. vi, 1787, 71, tab. ccvi, f. 2. 

 Glypliisodon saxatilis, Cuv. & Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss. v, 1830, 446. — Mullee & Tkoschel 



Schomburgk's Hist. Barbados, 1848, 674. — Castelnau, Anim. Nouv. 011 Eares, 



Am^rique du Sad, 1855, 11. 

 GlypJiidodon saxatilis, Gunther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus. iv, 1862, 36. — Poey, Eep. Fis.-Nat. 



Cuba, ii, 1868, 329.— Cope, Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 1870, 461. 

 Chwtodon Marginaius, Bloch, op. cit. tab. ccvii. — LacdSpIide, Hist. Nat. Poiss. iv, 1803, 



451, 463. 

 Chcetodon Mauritii, Bloch, op. cit. tab. ccxiii, f. 1. — Schneider, Bloch, Syst. Ichth. 



1801, 234.— Lac^pIide, op. cit. 452, 470. 

 Chcetodon sarcjoides, Lac^p^ide, op. cit. 453,471, 472. 



Very common in sheltered waters. The largest, six to eight inches in 

 length, frequent the shallow shaded coves in company with Pseudoscarus 

 vetula, HolacantJms ciliaris, and Sarotlirodus bimaculatus. The young may 

 be seen basking in every shallow tide-pool. The origin of the common 

 name is not apparent, unless it refers to some supposed relation between 

 this species and the Cow-fish [Acant^ostracium quadricorne), such as 

 Naucrates ductor is supposed by sailors to hold with the Sharks. The 

 fish is sometimes called the " Sergeant-major," in allusion to the chevron- 

 like bands of yellow on the sides. The species is very common through- 



