24 ANIMAL RESOURCES OF THE UNITED STATES. 



7. HOOKED INSTRUMENTS— Continued. 

 &. Many-pointed hooks : 

 Grappling-irons. 



Lip hooks or grapnels, used by whalers. 

 Toggles, used by whalers. 



Oyster-rakes. .^^ 



Clam-rakes. 



Oulachan rakes or spears. 

 Squid-jigs. 

 c. Twisting-rods, used in drawing small mammals from their 

 burrows. 

 S. BAEBED IMPLEMENTS. (Those used with two motions, the first 

 that of thrusting :) 



a. Spears with fixed heads: 



Harpoons. 



One-flued harpoons. 



Two-flued harpoons. 



Toggle-harpoons. 



Harpoon- bullets. (See under 23.) 



Gun-harpoons. ' 



Other whaleman's "craft." 



Barbed spears, (with single point.) 



Grains, (with two prongs.) 



Gigs. 



Bird-spears. 



Otter-spears. 



Sea-otter spears. 



Seal-spears, 



Walrus-spears. 



Eel-spears. 



Flounder-spears. 



Sturgeon-spears, (west coast.) 



Octopus- spears. 



Crab-spears, used in Ehode Island. 



b. Spears with detachable heads : 



Lily-irons. 



Dolphin-irons. 



Indian harpoons of shell and iron. 



Eskimo harpoons of stone, bone, and iron. 



