20 



same color as the under parts of the body ; the longer under tail-coverts 

 pure white, the rest black; the entire upper parts, including the upper 

 surfaces of the wings and tail, olive-brown j this color deepest on the 

 rump, and fading out on the neck and the exterior portions of the wingsj 

 the tips of the tail-feathers, and the shafts of the feathers brownish- 

 black. 



The frontal plate and bill bright crimson, the latter tipped with yellow j 

 the tibia naked for about an inch, and surrounded by a bright crimson 

 ring; a decided crimson blush on the front of the tarsus, the color 

 deepens on the sides ; feet pea-green. 



Total length about 13.50 inches ; wing 6.50 ; tail 3.00 ; bill along the 

 commissure 1.20; from the feathers on the side of the head 1.00 ; along 

 the culmen, including the frontal plate, 1.65; breadth of the frontal 

 plate 0.50; length, from the margin of the feathers on the side of the 

 bill, 0.70; tarsus 2.00; middle toe and claw 3.00. 



To sum up ; — the proportions of GalUnula sandvicensis, and the quad- 

 rate form of the frontal plate show that its strongest affinities are with 

 GalUnula galeata, rather than with any other member of the group ; but 

 the greater extent of the frontal plate, the shorter wing, the absence of 

 white on the abdomen and on the under surface of the wing, as well as 

 its reduction to a mere trace on the margin of the latter, the more robust 

 and different form of the tarsus, being broader and more rounded in 

 front, as well as the great difference in the color of the tarsus, are 

 characters which separate it immediately from G. galeata, and render its 

 identification easy. The characters just enumerated, in addition to its 

 larger size and the quadrate frontal plate, separate it a fortiori from the 

 G. ehloropus. 



Locality: Oahu, Hawaiian Islands. The only direct reference to this 

 bird which I have been able to find is made by Peale in the Ornithology 

 of the United States Exploring Expedition, page 220. He undoubtedly 

 obtained a specimen from the island of Oahu, but the skin, he states, 

 was lost. In the description which he gives from his field-notes, he 

 calls the bird GalUnula cliloropus Aud., i. e. G. galeata. The allusion 

 which he makes, however, to the crimson-colored tarsi identifies his 

 bird at once with our species. Gray, in his Hand-List of Birds, gives 

 the Sandwich Islands as a habitat of G. eliloropus Aud., as do also 

 Hartlaub and Finsch, in the table of distribution of Central Polynesian 

 birds, in the introduction to their work, ''Die Ornithologie der Viti-, 



