REVIEW OF RAFINESQUE ON AMERICAN FISHES. 29 



* 40th species, Gold Head Shiner, LUXILUS CHRYSOCBPHALUS, Luxile 

 chrysocephale. (p. 48.) 



tLuxiLUS CORNUTUS (Mitch.) Jot. 



Cjprinus cornutus Mitchill. 



Si/psilepis cornutus (Mitch.) Storer and authors. 



Plargyrus typicus, cornutus, frontalis, etc., Girard. 



Description fair, excepting that the pectorals scarcely reach the ven- 

 trals, and older specimens are less elongated. The cornutus is very 

 abundant throughout the Ohio Yalley, where it is everywhere known as 

 the Shiner, a name rarely applied to any other fish. Raflnesque's 

 description is very correct as regards its average appearance in the 

 West when not tuberculate or flushed with red. His account has, how- 

 ever, been carelessly referred to Cyprinus chrysoleucus of Mitchill, solely 

 on account of the similarity of the names, although Eafiuesque correctly 

 indicates the chief points of difference. As cJirysocephalus is evidently 

 intended as the type of Luxilus, the latter is synonymous with Hypsilepis, 

 and we have no alternative but to restore the older name in place of the 

 latter and more scientific appellation. 



1 41st species, Kentuckian Shiner, LUXILUS KENTUCKIENSIS, Lusile 

 du Kentucky, (p. 48.) 



? ? Luxilus cornutus (Mit.) Jor. 



Not Luxilus lentucMensis Kirtland. 

 This species is not yet satisfactorily identified. It is certainly not 



* Diameter one-fifth of total length, silverywith golden shades on the sides, head gilt, 

 hack and nape dark olivaceous; lateral line curved downwards, pectoral fi as reaching the 

 abdominal. Dorsal and anal fins with nine rays. 



Vulgar names, Gold Chub, Shiner, Goldhead, &c. Length 6 inches. It is found in 

 Kentucky, Ohio, Cumberland, Green River, &c. Iris golden. Fins fulvous, the pectoral 

 golden, large, with 14 rays ; tail with 24. It resembles the common Shiner or Butterfish of 

 Pennsylvania, Cyprinus chrysoleucos Mitchill, but that fish is a Butilus, having nine 

 abdominal rays; its body is besides shorter and the anal fin is falcated ivith Ibrays. 



lAdditioual evidenceof the correctness of this identification is found in a MSS. paper 

 on the Fishes of Pennsylvania, by Rafinesque, now in the possession of Professor Baird. 

 In this paper the species in question is described under the name of Luxilus cornutus 

 (Mit.) Raf. 



t Diameter one-seventh of total length, silvery, back olivaceous, lateral line curved 

 downwards, dorsal and caudal fins red, the pectoral yellow, not reaching the abdomen. 

 Dorsal 8 and anal 7 rays. 



Vulgar names: Indian Chub, Red-tail, Shiner, &c. Length about 4 inches. It is 

 reckoned an excellent bait for anglers, because it will swim a long while with the hook 

 in its body. Eyes small, iris brown with a gold ring. Yellowish- brown above the head. 

 Abdominal and anal fins white. Pectoral and abdominal fins oboval, with 12 rays. 

 Tail with 24 rays. 



