12 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1912. 



American anthropology. He was to visit the upper Yenisei region 

 of Siberia, carrying on his studies and collections for the Museum 

 and the exposition. From upper Yenisei he will go to Irkutsk and 

 such other parts of Mongolia and Turkestan as he may have time to 

 visit. After leaving Siberia he would visit Kiachtata in Chinese 

 Turkestan, Mongolia, and then follow the road to Urga, whence he 

 will proceed along the old caravan route to China proper. 



Among the natives of the Yenisei are found physical types that 

 seem in every essential respect to be identical with the American 

 Indian. This type extends from the Yenisei as far as Tibet and it 

 is the plan of Dr. Hrdlicka to make a rapid survey of the numerous 

 and little known peoples to be found rn these regions, among whom 

 it may be possible to find extensions of the same most interesting 

 physical type which we know exists in the former place. It is his in- 

 tention to come into close contact with as many of the native tribes 

 as possible, securing photographs and casts of the individuals as 

 well as some material objects. 



ANTIQUITY OF MAN IN EUROPE. 



A small grant was made to enable Dr. Hrdlicka to make some spe- 

 cial studies on the antiquity of man in Europe, especially in view of 

 recent discoveries of remains of prehistoric man that seem to indicate 

 great antiquity. The results of his work have not yet been published. 



RESEARCHES UNDER THE HODGKINS FUND. 



A limited grant has been made from the Hodgkins fund to enable 

 Mr. Anders Knutson Angstrom to make certain observations on noc- 

 turnal radiation from the earth at Bassour, Algeria, in connection 

 with observations to determine the variability of the sun, which have 

 been in progress there under Mr. Abbot, of the Smithsonian Astro- 

 physical Observatory. The results of Mr. Angstrom's researches are 

 awaited with interest. 



As mentioned in my last report, the Institution has arranged for 

 the distribution to various parts of the world of standard silver disk 

 pyrheliometers designed by Mr. Abbot, of the Astrophysical Observa- 

 tory, with a view of securing accurate data and more exact knowledge 

 of solar radiation and the influence of the terrestrial atmosphere 

 upon it. 



A portion of the income of the fund is devoted to the increase and 

 diffusion of knowledge in regard to the nature and properties of at- 

 mospheric air in connection with the welfare of man. There was pub- 

 lished a few years ago a number of papers on "Expired air," "Or- 

 ganic matter in air," "The air of towns," and other phases of this 



