STUDIES IN FORAMTNIFERA 



127 



fiable have been included in the analysis. Such material 

 is rarely found in the Danskekalk .formation, and in 

 the case of the zone of T. vexilifera it became necessary 

 to use material from Ostra Torp in Sweden since the 

 Copenhagen area failed to yield any samples with 

 perfectly preserved Olobigerinae. Under these circum- 

 stances it has not been possible to analyze more than 

 six samples. From each sample, 100-150 Globigerinae 

 were picked at random to insm-e a reasonably reliable 

 census of the fauna, the only exceptions being samples 

 4 and 6, in which no more than 23 and 32 specimens, 

 respectively, could be found. A certain correlation 

 therefore exists between the number of Olobigerinae 

 counted and their relative abundance in the samples. 

 An examination of numerous samples of Danian Fora- 

 minifera from other parts of Denmark and Sweden 

 shows that the species listed in text-figmre 24 are 

 typical of the Danian stage in this part of the world. 



As it will appear from the descriptive part of this 

 article, not all the species which Bronnimann found in 

 the limestone at Daubjerg (listed in a previous para- 

 graph) occur in the samples examined by the present 

 writer. The cause of this discrepancy may be that 

 Bronnimann's material came from a horizon which is 

 not represented in the material extensive though it is, 

 available to the present writer, or it may be due to 

 personal variation as to the concept of the species. 



Among those species found by the present writer, 

 Globigerina pseudobulloides Plunamer is of stratigraphic 

 importance since it was originally described from the 

 Midway group of the Gulf Coastal Plain. An examina- 

 tion of a number of foraminiferal faunas of Danian and 

 Paleocene age has shown, however, that 0. pseudobul- 

 loides Plummer has a considerably more restricted 

 distribution than a survey of the literature would lead 

 one to believe. Of still greater value for stratigraphic 

 purposes is G. daubjergensis Bronnimann, which in 

 the type Danian is most abundant in the upper part 

 of the stage. It occurs in the basal Midway group 

 ("Along north-south road N. of Austin-Elgin highway, 

 W. of Elgin, Texas," H. J. Plummer), and it is rather 

 abundant in the upper part of the Clayton formation 

 or the lower part of the Porter's Creek formation ("2.3 

 miles S. of Thomaston, Alabama, on Alabama Highway 

 99, Marengo Co., Alabama," J. W. West and G. E. 

 Murray) and in the Mexia clay member of the Wills 

 Point formation, i. e., the lower part of the upper 

 Midway group ("Mexia clay pit, Mexia, Texas," 

 D. E. Feray; and "Branch of Tehuacana Creek, 2 

 miles N. W. of Mexia, Texas," O. L. Bandy). The 

 distribution of G. compressa Plummer and 6. trilo- 

 culinodes Plummer, of which we have specimens from 

 the above-mentioned samples of the Mexia clay, 

 offer a similar correlation. Specimens of G. compressa 

 and G. triloculinoides were also obtained from the lower 

 Lizard Springs formation of Trinidad, B. W. I. ("Rz. 

 283 (50316) and Rz. 286-291 (50505-10)," H. H. Renz). 



Brotzen (1948, pp. 32-33) has correlated the upper 

 part of the Danskekalk formation with the North 

 American Kincaid formation (lower part of the Midway 



TYLOCIDARIS 

 ZONES 



Z CO 



il 



m r 

 33 m 



S i 



GLOBIGERINA SPECIES 



daubjergcniU 





IrllocuUitoidn 



contprtMO 



T. vexilifera 

 Schluter 



I 



n 



94 

 147 



1 50% 



1 2». 

 1 10% 



1 32% 



1 1% 



1 8% 



T brijnnichi 

 Rawn 



M 



99 



^^7e% 



1 ,3% 



1 „•/, 





T oblldgoordi 

 Ravn 



V 



23 



1 39% 



|6I% 







T bdumi 



BnJrrich Nielsen 



V 



163 



1 1% 



■s^ 







no Tyiocidoris 



M 



32 



1 3% 



IB^'^ 







Figure 24. — Diagram illustrating the vertical distribution of Globig- 

 erinae within the Danian stage of east Denmark and South Sweden. 

 Sample numbers: i, Ostra Torp, Sweden; calcarenite, horizon with 

 many sponges, n, Ostra Torp, 2 meters below Sample i. iii, Fakse; 

 unconsolidated limy mud (lagoonal deposit?) in coral-reef limestone. 

 IV, Boesdal, Stevns Klint; bryozoan limestone filling cavities in chert 

 nodule, v, Boesdal, Stevns Klint; bryozoan limestone fiUing cavities 

 in underlying cemented calcilutite. vi, N. of Holtug quarry, Stevns 

 Klint; calcilutite. (Reworked specimens of Rugoglobigerina and 

 "Globigerinella" not included.) 



group). The above-mentioned evidence indicates, 

 however, that also the Wills Point formation (i. e., 

 the upper part of the Midway group), or at least the 

 lower portion of that formation, may be correlated 

 with the upper part of the Danskekalk formation. 

 It is necessary to point out, however, that one of the 

 bases used by Brotzen in correlating the Paleocene of 

 Denmark-Sweden with the upper Midway group, viz., 

 the occurrence in both deposits of Epistomina {Hog- 

 lundina) scalaris Franke, Lamarckina naheolensis Cush- 

 man and Todd, Ceratobulimina perplexa (Plummer) and 

 Epistominoides midwayensis Plummer (Brotzen, 1948, 

 p. 33), is partly invalid, inasmuch as all these species 

 have aragonite tests (Troelsen, 1955b) and therefore 

 could not possibly have been preserved in the lime- 

 stone of the Danskekalk formation, although they may 

 conceivably have lived in the area in late Danian time. 

 Brotzen's list of stratigraphically important species is 

 thus reduced to two, viz., Elphidiella prima (ten Dam) 

 and "Allomorphina" (i. e., Quadrimorphina) halli 

 Jennings. 



The question of the first appearance of Globorotalia 

 (sensu lato) in relation to the Danian-Montian (or 

 Danian-S^landian) boundary is difficult or impossible 

 to solve on the basis of the evidence of the type Danian. 

 There are two obvious reasons for this: one is the 

 previously mentioned absence of planktonic Fora- 

 minifera in the Paleocene (S^landian) stage of Denmark- 

 Sweden (planktonic Foraminifera are likewise prac- 

 tically absent in the type Montian) ; the other is that 

 Globorotalia probably never reached this Boreal area 



