142 



TUSriTED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 215 



Within the description of VentUabrella eggeri, Cush- 

 man (1928) also discussed Planoglobulina and selected 

 Egger's figure 20 as the t3rpe of the species P. dcervuli- 

 noUes Egger. This specimen shows well developed 

 proliferation following a biserial early stage. The 

 figure is not sufficiently clear to note the presence or 

 absence of an early coU. Although he selected a type 

 for Egger's species, Cushman apparently neglected to 

 do so for V. eggeri, for no holotype or paratype speci- 

 mens of V. eggeri occur in the Cushman collection or 

 U. S. National Museum collections, and no type speci- 

 men is hsted in the text in this or later papers of Cush- 

 man. Furthermore, no type horizon or locahty were 

 cited for V. eggeri, although Cushman stated (1928, p. 3) 

 that "species of VentUabrella occur often in great 

 numbers in certain horizons of the Taylor marl of 

 Texas." 



In 1946, Cushman did illustrate specimens of V. 

 eggeri, from the Taylor, but also placed in the synonymy 

 of V. eggeri, Planoglobvlina acervulinoides Egger (part) , 

 and included Egger's figure 20! He thus placed the 

 specimen he himself had selected as type for Egger's 

 species in his later species, so that the type species of 

 VentUabrella {V. eggeri) is a junior synonym of the 

 type species of Planoglobulina (P. acervulinoides), the 

 two genera thus being identical. 



Galloway (1933) placed VentUabrella in the synonymy 

 of Planoglobulina, but was not followed in this by most 

 other workers, who recognized both genera. Species 

 referred to the two generic names are identical in 

 development, with a biserial stage, or more rarely 

 coiled to biserial, followed by chamber proHferation 

 in a single plane, resulting in a flabelliform test. 



As Planoglobulina has priority, and the type species 

 are synonymous, the name VentUabrella must be 

 suppressed as a junior subjective-objective (genotype 

 species are believed to be the same) synonym. 



CenuB Racemiguembelina Montanaro CaUitelli, new genus 



Plate 32, Figubes 14, 15 



Pseudotextularia Rzehak (part), Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, 

 vol. 6, No. 1, p. 2, 1891. 



Type species: Qumbelina fructicosa Egger, 1900, 

 Upper Cretaceous (Senonian) of Bavarian Alps, Ger- 

 many. 



Diagnosis: Test calcareous, conical in shape; rarely 

 planispiral in the early stage, later biserial, increasing 

 regularly and equally in thickness and breadth, finally 

 proliferated with a varying number of additional glob- 

 ular chambers, the last of which form a crown at the 

 top of the test and are provided with a series of arcuate, 

 basal apertiires. No spiral arrangement of the adult 

 chambers is evident. Ornamentation consists of longi- 

 tudinally developed costae. 



Discussion: This genus includes species that develop 

 a final chamber proliferation, giving rise to a conical 



test, such as have been placed in the genus Pseudotextu- 

 laria Rzehak by various authors. As the emendation 

 of the genus Pseudotextularia, earlier in the present 

 paper, on the basis of its type species, P. elegans 

 (Rzehak), restricts that genus to species which are 

 biserial in the adult, with a lateral compression of the 

 test in its later stages, the forms with chamber prolifer- 

 ation require a new generic assignment, and the present 

 genus is proposed to fiU that necessity. 



As noted above, in the discussion of Pseudotextularia. 

 specimens of this type were originally included with 

 specimens of a biserial genus in Rzehak's description 

 (1891, p. 2) of Cuneolina elegans, and later both forms 

 were figured by Rzehak (1895) as Pseudotextularia 

 varians. 



Because Rzehak (1895) included in his synonymy of 

 Pseudotextularia varians, the prior name Cuneolina 

 elegans, he obviously considered them identical, hence 

 the specific name varians must be suppressed as a junior 

 synonym of elegans, as was later noted by Ellis and 

 Messina (1940). It cannot be later resurrected for part 

 of the group included therein by Rzehak. The biserial 

 specimen of Rzehak (1895, pi. 7, fig. 1) was referred to 

 the restricted Cuneolina elegans {= Pseudotextularia) by 

 White (1929, p. 40), and is thus the lectotype of that 

 species. 



Cushman (1938, p. 22) considered Ouembelina jruc- 

 ticosa Egger (misspelled asfruticosa) to be identical with 

 Pseudotextularia varians. Thus the first valid name 

 available for the proliferated form of Rzehak (commonly 

 but erroneously referred to previously as Pseudotextu- 

 laria varians), is fructicosa, and the correct name thus 

 becomes Racemiguembelina fructicosa (Egger). 



The enlargement of the test in Racemiguembelina 

 produces a form which is circular or subcircular in 

 transverse section. This circular section, together with 

 the high degree of chamber proliferation in the mature 

 stage, are characters, peculiar to this genus, which 

 justify its separation from those forms with a completely 

 biserial chamber arrangement and lateral compression. 



If we do not consider as generic distinctions both 

 these peculiarities — the conical enlargement and the 

 final proliferation of the chambers, and accept within 

 its range of variability the forms without proliferation 

 and also those more or less compressed or extended, the 

 majority of the globular-chambered Heterohelicidae 

 could be placed within a single genus. As there is no 

 biological proof to confirm or deny the "natural" value 

 of these characters in extinct forms, we must accept the 

 morphological featmres of the test as a basis for a usable 

 taxonomy, and the compressed biserial forms are here 

 considered to belong to the genus Pseudotextularia, 

 emended, whereas those with chamber proliferation 

 belong to the present genus Racemiguembelina. 



Although many authors cite a spiral arrangement of 

 the chambers in this proliferated genus, none is visible 

 either in their published figures nor in the types ex- 

 amined, hence this is discounted. 



