150 



UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM BUliLETIN 207 



ductus bursae and one of them frequently in or extend- 

 ing into the ductus; ductus bursae flattened, strongly 

 sclerotized over most of its length, the sclerotization 

 more or less longitudinally wriukled and terminating just 

 before the simple genital opening; ductus semiualis from 

 bursa near the jimction of bursa and ductus bursae. 



Dioryctria is one of the most, if not the most, distinct 

 and sharply defined genus in the Phycitidae; and is so 

 despite the variations in structure exhibited by its male 

 antennae, male maxillary palpi, and its wing scaling. 

 Its male and female genitalia have a characteristic 

 habitus, difficult to describe, but easUy observed in slides 

 or figures. There is also a maculation character of the 

 forewing common to nearly all the species; the usual 

 black dots at end of cell are absent, being replaced by a 

 white spot or line on the discocellular vein. The only 

 North American species without such a marking is 

 clarioralis, where a considerable area about the end of 

 cell is clouded with a dark suffusion. The raised-scale 

 character upon which Grote distinguished his genus 

 Pinipestis fi'om Dioryctria consists of a mere ruffing of 

 the scales on two or three spots on the forewing. It is 

 at best an elusive character, subject to opinion as much 

 as to observation, and in some of the forms (simmermam, 

 cambiicola) the tufts may be either raised or flattened on 

 unspread specimens. Naturally, on spread specimens 

 they are usually flattened, whatever was their condition 

 in nature. Kagonot was perfectly justified (1893) in 

 relegating Pinipestis to synonymy. 



As here defined the genus is of world-wide distribution 

 in the Northern Hemisphere and all the species whose 

 larval habits are Icnown are borers in conifers. Most of 

 the American species are represented in the National 

 Collection by numerous specimens reared in connection 

 with the forest-insect investigations of the U. S. Biu'eau 

 of Entomology and Plant Quarantine. 



307. Dioryctria abietella (Denis and Schiffermuller) 

 Figures 61, 382, 865 



Tinea abietella Denis and Schiffermuller, Systematische Ver- 

 zeichniss der Schmetterlinge der Wienergegend . . . , p. 138, 

 1776. — Fabriclus, Mantissa insectorum . . . , vol. 2, p. 246, 

 1787; Entomologica systematica . . . , vol. 3, pt. 2, p. 302, 

 1793. 



Tinea decuriella Hiibner, Sammlung europaischer Schmetterlinge, 

 p. 35 and Lepidoptera 8, Tineae 2, pi. 11, fig. 74, 1796. 



Phycis abietella (Denis and Schiffermiiller) Zincken, in Germar 

 and Zincken, Mag. der Ent., vol. 3, p. 160, 1818. — Treitschke, 

 Die Schmetterlinge von Europa, vol. 9, p. 177, 1832. — 

 Ratzeburg, Die Forst-Insecten . . . , vol. 2, p. 244, pi. 15, 

 fig. 2, 1840. 



Dioryctria abietella (Denis and Schiffermuller) ZeUer, Isis von 

 Oken, p. 736, 1846. — Heinemann, Die Schmetterlinge 

 Deutschlands und der Schweiz, Abt. 2, vol. 1, pt. 2, p. 148, 

 1865.— Ragonot, Ent. Monthly Mag., vol. 22, p. 62, 1885; 

 Monograph, pt. 1, p. 198, 1893. — Hulst, Phycitidae of N. 

 Amer., p. 136, 1890. — Spiiler, Die Schmetterlinge Europas, 

 vol. 2, p. 213, 1910. — Joannis, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, vol. 

 85, p. 259, 1916; Bull, de la Station de Recherches forestiSrs 

 du Nord de I'Afrique, vol. 1, p. 192, 1921. — Forbes, Cornell 

 Mem. 68, p. 621, 1923. — Meyrick, Revised handbook of 

 British Lepidoptera, p. 384, 1928. — Pierce and Metcalfe, 

 Genitalia of the British Pyrales, p. 2, pi. 1, 1938. — Keen, 

 U. S. Dep. Agr. Misc. Publ. 273, p. 39, 1938.— McDunnough, 



Check list, No. 6129, 1939.— Janse, Journ. Ent. Soc. South 



Africa, vol. 4, p. 161, 1941. — MacKay, Canadian Ent., vol. 



75, p. 94, 1943.— Craighead, U. S. Dep. Agr. Misc. Publ. 



657, p. 451, 1950. 

 Pinipestis abieiivorella Grote, Bull. U. S. Geogr. Geol. Surv. Terr., 



vol. 4, p. 701, 1878. 

 Pinipestis reniculella Packard (not Grote), U. S. Dep. Agr. Ent. 



Bull. 13, p. 21, 1887; U. S. Dep. Agr. Fifth Rep. Ent. Comm., 



p. 854, 1890. 

 Myelois elegantella Hulst, Canadian Ent., vol. 24, p. 59, 1892. 



MaxiUary palpus of male squamous. 



Forewing smooth; bluish gray, dusted with white, the 

 white dusting of variable intensity, when pronounced, 

 more or less concentrated in basal area, along the outer 

 border of antemedial line, the inner border of subter- 

 minal line and, weakly, along terminal margin; trans- 

 verse lines white, distinct, narrow; antemedial line 

 oblique, inwardly angled at cell and vein lb, preceded 

 on costa by a blackish shade and bordered outwardly 

 by a black line, and usually preceded by a pale patch 

 on inner margin, this often no more than a smear of 

 olivaceous white scales and never so conspicuous or 

 well contrasted as in renicvlella; subterminal line 

 sinuate-angulate, preceded and followed by blackish 

 bordering lines; discal mark a white, lunate spot; a fine 

 black line along terminal margin. Hind wing dusky 

 white, darkened slightly towards outer margin and on 

 the veins. Alar expanse, 20-30 mm. 



Male genitalia with uncus subtriangulate and rather 

 narrow in normal position; a short, slight incurvation 

 of the lateral margins near base, and the lateral margins 

 themselves infolded. (When uncus is flattened in prep- 

 arations and the lateral folds pushed out, the uncus 

 appears as in fig. 382, but never takes the form of the 

 flattened unci of the species which have a longer incurva- 

 tion of the lateral margins, such as zimmermani). Harpe 

 with one or more spines projecting from the terminal 

 margin of the sclerotized costal area below its apex 

 (there is considerable individual variation in this featiu:e, 

 a few examples of which, from small American speci- 

 mens, are shown in figs. 382c-e). Penis armed with a 

 single stout spine behind anterior spine cluster. 



Female genitalia chiefly distinguished by a longitu- 

 dinal flssure on the ventral surface of the sclerotized 

 portion of ductus bursae, variations of which are shown 

 in figures 865 and 865a. The females of sysstratiotes 

 from Guatemala also show traces of such a fissure but 

 this species is only doubtfully distinct from abietella. 



Type localities: Austria (abietella, location un- 

 known); Germany (decuriella, type lost); Amherst, 

 Mass. (abietiwrella, in BM) ; Seattle, Wash, (elegantella, 

 in AMNH, ex Rutgers). 



Food plants: Pine, spruce, fir; in the spruces and firs 

 (Abies, Psevdotsugha, etc.) chiefly in the cones. The 

 favored host seems to be Pinus of which it attacks all 

 species. The larvae exhibit a variety of habits. They 

 are both primary and secondary. They bore into new 

 and otherwise uninfested terminals and into terminals 

 that have been attacked by Ehyacionia buoliana or the 

 white pine weevil (Pissodes strobi.) They attack both 

 healthy and diseased cones. They bore into and feed 



