MARmiE GAMMARIDEAN AMPHIPODA 

 Table 5. — Freshwater or inland saline water Gammaridea 



41 



Family and Locality 



Genera 



Species 



Gammaridae 







Lake Baikal 

 Palearctic-Nearctic 

 South Africa 



37 



65 + 



2 



230 + 



400 + 



11 



Australia-New Zealand 

 Hyalellidae 

 Neotropical 

 African 



5 (+3+) 



1 

 1 



25 + 



28 

 1 



Australia-New Zealand 



2 



5 



Miscellaneous 



1 



4 



Bogidiellidae 



Tethyan shores 

 Hadziidae 



1 



9 



E. Tethyan shores 

 Caspiellidae 



Caspian Sea 

 Corophiidae 



Tropical-Cold-temperate, mainly river mouths 

 Calliopiidae 



Tropics-subtropics 

 Haustoriidae 



1 

 1 

 4 

 2 



1 



1 



15 



5 



Cold-temperate 

 Eusiridae 



1 



1 



Japan, Australia 

 Metoediceros 



2 



3 + 



Antiboreal 



1 



1 



Totals 



127+ 



740+ 



morphs whereas the absence of a solid pre-Miocene fossil record leaves 

 us no confirmation of the group's antiquity. Those Miocene fossils 

 are amber enclosures of species presumably still alive in European 

 freshwaters. One may become enmeshed in circular thinking that the 

 family Gammaridae must be primitive and the suborder Gammaridea 

 very old because not only is Baikal very old but that Gammaridae 

 came to dominate it and, therefore, Gammaridae were on the scene 

 first as well as very early. There are no current facts to counter that 

 argument but one has to maintain a reserve based on logic. Perhaps 

 only Gammaridae are widely preadapted to freshwater conditions. 

 Only the Hadziidae, Caspiellidae, Bogidiellidae, Hyalellidae, and a 

 few members of other families (table 5) also occupy freshwaters (or 

 inland waters). Gammaridae dominate the freshwaters of the world, 

 except for the Neotropical realm where the distantly related Hya- 

 lellidae replace the Gammaridae. The other minor families mentioned 

 above probably are closely related to the Gammaridae. 



