472 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 271 



Talitrus Latreille 



Talitrus Latreille, in Bosc, 1802. — Latreille, 1802. 



?{Talitrorchestta) Brandt, 1851a (subgenus). Type-species: Orchestia cloqueti 



Audouin, 1826 (obscure species). 

 Talitroides Bonnier, 1898. — Stebbing, 1906. Type-species: T. bonnieri Stebbing, 



1906 (monotypy). 

 Talitriator Methuen, 1913. 



Type-species: Cancer (Gamm.arus) saltator Montagu, 1808 (new 

 name for Oniscus locusta Pallas, 1766), selected by Boeck (1876). 

 This designation remains questionable. When Bosc (1802), in copying 

 Latreille's manuscript, erected Talitrus (for which the latter deserves 

 nomenclatural credit in Bosc), two species "Gammarus locusta Fab." 

 and "Oniscus gammarellus Pallas" were assigned to it (vol. 1 of Bosc, 

 p. 78). In vol. 2 of the same work, the assigned species were stated as 

 Talitrus grillus, a new species later attributed to Bosc, but which, as 

 indicated in the description, should be attributed to Latreille. By 

 strict adherence to rules, and without either original description, 

 Bosc's second volume or Latreille's work of a few months later in 

 1802, we would expect the genus Talitrus to be composed of two 

 species, one of which is precisely the type-species of the earlier genus 

 Gammarus, the other of which later came to be a species of Orchestia. 

 Only by reference to volume 2 do we assume Latreille was referring 

 earlier to the species described by Pallas and not that described by 

 Fabricius. They become homonyms when thrown together in Cancer 

 by other authors. Thus by elimination, now outmoded, Oniscus 

 gammarellus Pallas could yet be selected as the type-species of Talitrus 

 and Orchestia would fall as a synonym to Talitrus, a highly undesirable 

 occurrence at this late day in amphipodan taxonomy. And, G. locusta 

 Fabricius (identical with Cancer locusta Linnaeus) could also be 

 selected. If necessary, the case should be submitted to the ICZN in 

 the hope that they would fix Oniscus locusta Pallas as type-species, 

 and eliminate the ambiguity of Latreille (in Bosc) having used Fabri- 

 cius' name as author of the species. 



Maxilla 1 with small 2-articulate palp ; article 3 of maxillipedal palp 

 a vestigial bud; gnathopod 1 of both sexes simple, gnathopod 2 of 

 both sexes small, feebly chelate, mitten-shaped; uropod 3 lacking inner 

 ramus; telson entire or slightly notched. Species: 11, (terrestrial, 

 circumtropical, biboreal). 



Talorchestia Dana 



(Talorchestia) Dana, 1852b (subgenus). — Stebbing, 1906. 



Type-species: Talitrus gracilis Dana, 1852a (selected by Chevreux 

 and Page, 1925). 



