at Chatsworth, ifi Derbyshire. 387 



variety, or by planting entire masses of each species and variety, 

 according to the extent of the place. But, supposing it desirable 

 to plant an arboretum at a very large place, such as Woburn 

 Abbey, Alnwick Castle, Wentworth House, Welbeck Abbey, 

 Clumber House, Tatton Park, Tottenham Park, or Chats- 

 worth, and a hundred such places already fully planted, how 

 is this to be done ? Simply by cutting out some of the trees and 

 shrubs already there, and planting kinds not there in their 

 stead ; allowing sufficient space for their heads, trenching the 

 soil, and otherwise preparing it properly, for their roots at plant- 

 ing; and cutting down the existing trees and shrubs yearly, or 

 every two years, and extending the space trenched, as the newly 

 introduced trees and shrubs advance. By this mode of proceed- 

 ing, the newly introduced trees and shrubs might either be 

 generally distributed over the park and pleasure-ground, or a 

 walk or drive might be formed (if one sufficiently long did not 

 already exist), and the trees and shrubs planted along one or 

 both sides of it. This last is the mode which has been adopted 

 at Chatsworth, as will appear with sufficient clearness by inspect- 

 ing the general plan of the grounds {Jig. 52.), given in pages 

 388. and 389., the explanation of which is at the bottom of the 

 same pages. In this plan the arboretum walk makes a general 

 circuit of the pleasure-ground, commencing at the house (a), and 

 terminating near the plant stove and its flower-garden {de^. The 

 first part of the arboretum walk, from the house to the letter o, 

 will be planted on each side with a collection of herbaceous 

 plants, arranged according to the order of the natural system ; 

 and we see no reason why this should not be the most complete 

 collection in Europe. The arboretum commences at the letter 

 o, and proceeds through spaces indicated by outlines, and marked 

 by numbers, till from 1 it reaches 75. The outlines merely 

 mark the present boundaries of the present orders; but, when the 

 work is completed, the trees and shrubs will extend neaily over 

 the whole space included within the general outline of the arbo- 

 retum, which is marked j/. 



Mr. Paxton, who, with His Grace the Duke of Devonshire's 

 permission, kindly furnished us with this plan, observes that, as 

 it was made from actual measurements, all of which have not 

 been proved, some parts of it may not be very correct ; but that, 

 on the whole, it will be found sufficiently so for the object in 

 view. From the largeness of the place, and the necessarily 

 small scale on which it required to be drawn to suit our pages, 

 the details of the flower-gardens about the house, and in front 

 of the plant stove (^/), cannot even be indicated. The arboretum 

 part of the map has been most studied; and that will be found 

 correct, though on so small a scale. 



The arboretum commences with 1. Zfanunculaceje, and ends 



F F 2 



