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PKOCEEDINGS OF THE ISTATIONAL MUSEUM 



VOL. 77 



made before, others after, an 11-inch splinter was cut away and its 

 place gouged out. Except that the incisures circle its smaller end, 

 this particular specimen might be likened to the so-called " cere- 

 monial staves " occasionally found in Pueblo ruins. 



Bows and arrows. — In the 

 collection are three fragments 

 of two self bows, each made 

 of red cedar (312331). The 

 fragments are burned and 

 blunted from use about a fire- 

 place, but they show careful 

 workmanship and a grip that 

 measures 1^4 inches wide by 

 ^f inch in thickness. Figure 

 9 shows the severed end of a 

 third bow. 



Four wooden foreshafts for 

 reed arrows (312360) average 

 8i/2 inches (0.215 m.) long; 

 they are all shouldered and 

 the two unbroken have plain, 

 sharpened points, as does that 

 from a shallow cave near 

 Betatakin. (Fig. 10.) 



Fire-making tools (pi. 35, 

 5, 9). — Three drills, two of 

 them broken, and fragments 

 of two Cottonwood sticks with 

 charred sockets identifying 

 them as hearths, constitute all 

 the fire-making apparatus we 

 found in Betatakin. 



Awls (pi. 36, 5-11).— The 

 collection includes nine wood- 

 en awls measuring from 6% to 

 lOS/g inches (O.lTl-0.263 m.) in 

 length. Their butts are round- 

 ed or flattened and square cut ; 

 none is spatulate. While two 

 or three appear to be of red cedar a harder, more durable wood was 

 preferred. Two smaller examples (fig. 11) are probably to be classed 

 in this group. 



Toothed implements (pi. 37, 1-5.) — Our five examples are all of 

 red cedar. Two of them (2-3) have spatulate or knifelike butts; 



a h 



Figure 12. — Spatulate implements . of wood 



