AKT. 5 



EXCAVATION AND REPAIR OF BETATAKIN JUDD 



59 



m 



1, cut from a splinter, is less carefully finished. It will be noticed 

 that the number of teeth varies. The split and reworked edge of 

 2 indicates at least a former fifth tine, while the two fragmentary 

 specimens apparently had 10 or more teeth each, and these were 

 closer together, longer, and more 

 rounded than in the others illus- 

 trated. 



Knives. — Red cedar, of course, 

 will not take an edge capable of 

 cutting hides or equally resistant 

 substances. But the two spatulate 

 objects shown in Figure 12 have 

 knifelike edges, and these are 

 stained with what may be blood. 

 Kidder and Guernsey (1919, p. 

 120) have called such instruments 

 " skinning knives " under the quite 

 logical assumption that they might 

 have served in flaying animals. 



The unfinished specimen repre- 

 sented by Figure 13 is included 

 here only because its two ends 

 are ground to near-cutting edges. 

 Both sides are scored by the coarse 

 sandstone rasp employed in the 

 final shaping process. 



Paho (pi. 35, 1).— This cotton- 

 wood cylinder bears such a close 

 resemblance to similar objects as- 

 sociated with certain Hopi rituals 

 as seemingly to justify the desig- 

 nation. Its upper end is twice 

 grooved, but displays no evidence 

 of wear owing to cord attach- 

 ments. A slight depression at 

 this extremity is quite fortuitous, 

 but in the base is a central, drilled 

 concavity five-sixteenths of an 

 inch in diameter by three-sixteenths 

 inch deep. 



Flute ( ? ) . — Large wooden flutes were employed by prehistoric 

 as by historic Pueblos. But all modern flutes examined by the 

 writer have been made in two parts, each gouged out in perfect 

 agreement with the other and the two fitted together with exactness. 

 The fragmentary specimen in hand (pi. 35, 3 ; fig. 14) must have been 



Figure 13. — Spatu- 

 late WOODEN IM- 

 PLEMENT, UNFIN- 

 ISHED 



Figure 14. — Sec- 

 tion OF WOODEN 

 FLUTE (?) 



