ART. 5 EXCAVATION AND EEPAIR OP BBTATAKIN JUDD 65 



element alternately goes over-two. then under-two warp elements. 

 Construction began at the center and the two primary strands, at 

 right angles to each other, tend naturally to quarter the fabric. Con- 

 tinuing outward from the middle along these two strands-, every 

 fourth weft element extends over-three thus to produce the concentric 

 diamond pattern faintly discernible in the illustration. At the rim, 

 the component strands were gathered in pairs and clipped. Each 

 alternate pair was brought over from the outside and tied with its 

 neighbor just below the ring, by thin twined strips of yucca. In this 

 particular specimen, the unpeeled willow forming the hoop had been 

 broken and subsequently repaired with a similar withe, lashed on 

 with more shreds of that most useful plant, the yucca. 



As to our coiled specimen (pi. 42, 2) and fragments, little need be 

 said other than that each was woven in the manner described by 

 Kidder and Guernsey ^^ as " two rod and bundle." In this style, each 

 coil consists of two tiny willow rods, placed side by side with a 

 bundle of fibrous material above and between them. Coiling pro- 

 gressed as the sewing splints were drawn through the middle of the 

 bundle and over the three elements (two rods and bundle) of the coil 

 next above. 



In the small series of Betatakin artifacts collected by Professor 

 Cummings and obtained by the United States National Museum 

 through exchange with the University of Utah, are two frag- 

 mentary yucca ring baskets of twilled weave. (PI. 43.) One (1) 

 is woven over-three, under-three, with each sixth element on the 

 quartering strands over-five; the other (2), over-two under-two, as 

 described above. The fragment of a larger ring basket, approxi- 

 mately 15 inches (0.381 m.) in diameter (303269), and part of a 

 coiled specimen, 61^ inches (0.165 m.) in diameter, woven on a 

 single-rod and welt foundation (303270), will also be found in this 

 collection. 



Cradles. — During the course of our clearing operations we found 

 a fragment of what might have been a cradle (312396). Uncer- 

 tainty lies in the fact that the specimen, when in use, obviously was 

 broader than known cradles from the Kayenta district; from the 

 further fact that the reed backing follows the curve of the hoop 

 without apparent interruption. This hoop is an unpeeled oak 

 withe; the reeds were added one at a time, each being bent around 

 the oak frame and lashed with a pair of twined yucca strands. 



Plates 44 and 45 show the front and back of a fragmentary 

 cradle of superior construction, exhumed at Betatakin by Profes- 

 sor Cummings in 1909. A peeled oak twig, partly split to aid in 



"1919, p. 110. 



92187—30 5 



