Pines found in the Taurian Caucasus. 227 



They are in two rows, as in P. Picea, but longer ; are more or 

 less twisted at the base; have their points incurved; and are 

 nearly equal. The male catkins I have not seen. The female 

 strobiles are sessile, or on very short peduncles, erect, 5 in. long, 

 and 2^ in. in diameter. Rachis 2 or 3 lines thick, gradually at- 

 tenuated, ligneous, rough with tubercles spirally disposed for the 

 insertion of the scales. There are 12 — 13 of these spiral lines, 

 each containing 8 tubercles in its circumvolution, making a total 

 of about 100 florets or 200 seeds in each strobile. Scales closely 

 adpressed : superior {Jig. 43. #, c) cup-shaped, narrow at the 

 base for about 2 lines in length, then suddenly dilated into a 

 lamina, at first straight and of 3 lines broad, afterwards greatly 

 expanded, somewhat recurved, and nearly 1^ in. in breadth, 

 which is also the length of the scale itself; inferior (Jig. 43. b, d) 

 much shorter, lamina with a subreniform base, triangularly cre- 

 nate. Lateral margins of the lamina eroded, dentate, upper entire; 

 inner surface slightly keeled, outer smooth. Bract adnate to the 

 narrow base of the scale, then free, about a line broad at the 

 middle, spreading by degrees into a lamina, rarely ovate, often 

 cordate, reflexed at the apex, and incumbent on the lower scale ; 

 mucro 1^ line long; lamina equal to the scale in length. Nuts 

 two, triangular ovate, 1^ line long, above a little broader, 

 smooth ; wing obliquely expanded by degrees to f in. in length 

 and breadth, membranous; inner margin straight, and close to 

 the other wing [Jig. 43. c). 



This species is sufficiently distinguished from P. balsamea and 

 A'h'xes sibirica (Ledeb. Fl. alt., 4. 202.), by the size of the stro- 

 bile, and long reflexed point of the bractea ; and it differs still 

 more from P. Picea L. in the shape of the bract and its upward- 

 curved leaves. I have named it in honour of M. Nordmann, 

 professor at Odessa, who made a dangerous journey into Colchis, 

 in 1836. 



II. Pi'cea. Link, [^bies Arb. Brit.~\ Leaves solitary, subqua- 



drangular. 



3. P. orientalis L. Leaves solitary, subquadrangular. Strobiles 

 cylindrical ; scales broader than long, rhomboid-ovate, 

 rounded at the apex, subentire. 



I found this species in 1805, on the loftiest mountains of Ime- 

 retia. Nordmann saw it frequently in Upper Mingrelia, espe- 

 cially in the neighbourhood of churches, and forming whole 

 forests between Guriel and the Adshar Mountains. 



A lofty tree. Leaves half as long as those of P. ^bies, and 

 like them quadrangular, acute but not pungent; neither are they 

 2-rowed, as Tournefort states, but cover the branches on all 

 sides, as in y4 v bies. Strobiles 3 in. long, subcylindrical ; scales 



b 2 



