hy Lindley's Theory of Horticulture, 449 



daisies, &c., come double in the same way as dahlias ; one va- 

 riety of feverfew has the inner florets to come tubular, another 

 flosculose. Some composite flowers, as stenactis, erigeron, &c., 

 come partially double ; some, as Antennaria margaritacea, have 

 a many-rowed coloured calyx that looks like double. The 

 double antirrhinum is similar to the stock. The thorn, cam- 

 panula, helianthemum, and most other double flowers, are similar 

 to the rose. 



In Propagation by Eyes, some gardeners and florists are in 

 the habit of striking their pink cuttings, or pipings as they are 

 called, by reducing the cutting to the topmost joint, and cutting 

 away all the leaves close above the central bud ; they are after- 

 guards planted in sand, on the top of a rich compost, and covered 

 with a hand-glass. Any similar plant may be struck in the same 

 way ; it is like striking vines by the eyes, and is most apt to suc- 

 ceed in sunny weather, as it depends on excitement; and though 

 it has not leaves to nourish it, as a large cutting has, yet it strikes 

 root sooner, and in dry sunny weather is not so apt to fail as 

 cuttings, which suit dull cloudy weather best. 



On Propagation by Leaves, there is much that is curious, though 

 little to be depended on in practice ; that by scales of the bulb 

 succeeds best with round thick fleshy scales, such as the bulbs 

 of iilium lancifoliura ; those that are thinner and drier do not 

 succeed so well. Care must be taken, in the act of separating 

 the scale, to preserve as much as possible of the collet or nu- 

 cleus at the junction with the bulb ; the scales are similar to leaves, 

 and these to branches ; and in taking off" cuttings, when the small 

 shoots can be parted from the stem, with the base or collar un- 

 injured, they always succeed best. The scales are apt to be hurt 

 by moisture, if in excess ; they should be surrounded with sand, 

 and the compost light and free, and the pots well drained ; they 

 should be stimulated by bottom heat, in a half-spent hot-bed, 

 the lights of the frame kept close, unless the weather is very 

 damp, when less water and a little more air will be required. 



In Propagation by Cuttings, the treatment depends greatly on 

 the manner in which they are formed, and the state of the weather: 

 if it be dull and cloudy, they will succeed best with their leaves 

 on, and will require more air; if dry and sunny, they must be kept 

 shut up from the air, and more divested of leaves : a cutting with 

 few leaves, and these cut, is similar to an eye, and requires ex- 

 citement or stimulus, that with leaves will perish if much excited. 

 As the state of the weather is uncertain, bell-glasses are useful 

 in preventing too much evaporation ; if the frame or hand-glass 

 can be kept very close, there is less need for them. A great 

 deal of the success of cuttings depends on their being well 

 pressed by the medium in which they are inserted; they can be 

 best squeezed to the sides of the pot, and are found to succeed 



