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either perished outright or were irrecoverably damaged ; the only exceptions 

 being Acacia stricta, affinis, sophora, and diffusa, Callitris cupressiformis, 

 Corraea alba, Callisteraon lanceolatus, Grevillea rosmarinifolia, Leptospermutn 

 ambiguum, and Sollya heterophylla. It is only in such favoured spots as 

 Mr. Fox's garden at Falmouth, and in the mild climate of Ireland, that any 

 considerable number of Australian plants have proved really hardy, and even 

 in those places a great many species died. 



" Upon the plants of New Zealand there is little to remark, except that 

 there seems no probability of their (in many cases) acquiring a permanent 

 station in these islands, Phormium tenax, the New Zealand flax plant, 

 escaped in a swamp at Carclew ; a circumstance that should not be overlooked 

 by those who hope to make it a subject of common cultivation in the milder 

 parts of Ireland. 



" Of the natural habits of Chinese plants little is known with precision. 

 Those which we possess in this country have been generally purchased in the 

 market of Macao, and there is no ascertaining whence they are brought. 

 Many, no doubt, are obtained from the northern provinces where the winter 

 cold is severe; and it is to be presumed that they are what we find hardy 

 enough to sustain a temperature of — 4J°, or lower. Among these are 

 especially deserving of notice the beautiful Cunninghamia sinensis; Amygdalus 

 pumila ; Fraxinus lentiscifolia, a forest tree of the most ornamental character ; 

 Glycine sinensis ; Juniperus chinensis, a valuable evergreen ; the noble Yu-lan, 

 or Magnolia conspicua; Kcelreuteria paniculata, a fine deciduous tree; 

 tree pseonies ; Taxodium sinense, and the magnificent climber Bignonia 

 grandiflora. Of the Chinese Azaleas, A. indica alba proved the most hardy. 

 I scarcely know in what light to regard the unexpected fact of Illicium 

 anisatum having escaped at Claremont, where it was exposed to a temperature 

 of — 12°; but it is worthy of notice that I. floridauum is reported in so many 

 places to be hardy, that no doubt can remain upon that point at least ; see 

 p. 490. The fact mentioned by Mr. Dillwyn of Pittosporum Tobira not 

 having suffered in South Wales more than Arbutus Unedo is important, and 

 renders it desirable that this handsome evergreen should become the subject 

 • of experiments as to its hardy qualities elsewhere. That Thea viridis should 

 have stood where T. Bohea was killed, will doubtless be regarded as an addi- 

 tional proof of the Black and Green Tea plants being distinct species. 



" Such Japanese plants as have been the subject of experiment, have, in 

 the greatest number of cases, afforded evidence that the vegetation of the 

 colder parts of that region is well suited to our own. If Eriobotrya japonica, 

 Ligustrum lucidum, Laurus camphora, and some others, were unable to resist 

 the winter, probably in consequence of their being naturally found in warm 

 valleys, on the other hand, thirteen or fourteen other shrubs proved hardy, 

 among which are the beautiful new species of clematis; and even certain 

 varieties of Camellia japonica exhibited a power of enduring cold which 

 could not have been anticipated. 1 quite agree with Mr. Herbert, that the 

 result of last winter's frost is such as to render it desirable that all the varieties 

 of camellia should be tried out of doors, in order to ascertain which are the 

 most hardy. 



" The species native of the Himalaya Mountains have resisted the cold to so 

 great an extent, that there can be no doubt of a large proportion of the vege- 

 tation of those northern parts of India proving hardy in England, Wales, and 

 Ireland. This fact alone is of the highest interest, because there certainly is no 

 country more accessible to us, or whose productions are more worthy of being 

 imported, whether for their value as timber, their beauty and variety as forest 

 trees, or their brilliancy as mere objects of ornament. The mere knowledge 

 that the noble Deodar cedar is capable of enduring the utmost rigour of an 

 English winter is almost alone sufficient to compensate for the destruction pro- 

 duced by the frost among other plants. All the pines and firs appear more 

 or less hardy, except Pinus longifolia, which is not a mountain species. Ben- 

 thamia fragifera, although tender in the midland counties, appears at home in 



