4^98 ScJcell's Landscape-Gardening. 



arrangements, the landscape-gardener should be well acquainted 

 with them all. 



Vitruvius, the father of aacient architecture, informs us, that 

 the ancients had fourteen different kinds of character in their 

 temples ; and as these have been represented by Daniel Bar- 

 baro, by plans and drawings, in his translation of the work of 

 Vitruvius, I will subjoin a few of the most particular of them 

 here. 



(1.) The temple which had neither pillars nor pilasters. The 

 proportions of this temple allowed eight parts for the length, 

 four for the breadth, and five for the height. The portico was 

 divided into three parts, 



(2.) The temple in Antis had eight corner pilasters, with two 

 projecting pillars in the centre [Vorstehend), supporting an en- 

 tablature. 



{S.) A second kind of temple in Afifis, the pillars of which did 

 not project, but were in a straight line between the pilasters. 

 The space between these pillars was four times the diameter of a 

 pillar, and was called Areostylos. 



(4).) The temple called Prostylos, had four pillars on the front, 

 and two pilasters behind the two corner pillars. The distance 

 between the pillars was called Didstylos, and it was three times 

 the diameter of a pillar. 



(5.) Amphipr'ostylos was a name given to a temple which had 

 four pillars on the back and front. 



(6.) The temple called Peripteros had six pillars on the back 

 and front, but had thirteen pillars besides these (counting the 

 corner pillars), and a portico at the side. The distance of these 

 pillars from the wall was the same as that between each pillar ; 

 and this width was called Eustylos, and was 2^ diameters of a 

 pillar. 



(7.) The temple called Dipteros was ornamented by eight pillars 

 on both pediments, and had a portico with a double row of 

 pillars, fifteen in each row, on the long outward side of the temple. 

 The distance between the pillars was called Systylos ; that is, two 

 diameters of a pillar. 



(8.) That called Pseudodipteros had, like the former temple, 

 eight pillars on both pediments ; but the portico only consisted of 

 one row of fifteen pillars, and the pillars were distant from the 

 wall twice the width of the distance between each pillar and the 

 diameter of a pillar. 



(9.) Hypcethros was a temple that had ten pillars on the fore 

 and back pediments, and which had two rows of pillars on the 

 long outer side, which formed the portico. The distance be- 

 tween the pillars was called Pycnostylos, viz. 1^ diameter. 



(10.) That called Pseudoperipteros, had, like the Peripteros^ 

 six pillars on both pediments, but no portico; that is, no pillars 



