540 ScJcelVs Landscape-Gardening. 



beautiful form, and commands a fine prospect, and is at the same 

 time protected from high winds, and faces the rising sun. 



8. Besides these, the garden ought also to include smaller 

 buildings which have an object in view, and in which a small 

 circle of friends can assemble and amuse themselves. Such 

 buildings may be dedicated to Virtue, Friendship, Fidelity, and 

 Solitude, or to persons who were dear to us; and they should 

 be decorated with delineations of remarkable events, or with 

 poetry, busts, and inscriptions, 8cc. To these should also be 

 added, ornamented seats for repose, houses containing baths, 

 the best examples of which may be seen in the gardens of 

 Schwetzingen ; aviaries ; beautifully constructed menageries ; 

 greenhouses ; and pretty little farm and other rural buildings, 

 which, however, should not bear the stamp of poverty by 

 having straw roofs, and similar marks of indigence. Why 

 should the landscape-gardener (whose particular desire is to 

 make every thing look beautiful) select, and imitate the rustic 

 buildings of the poorest classes with straw roofs ? The rural 

 structures alluded to, and which are found in gardens almost 

 everywhere, should be introduced but sparingly, if it is in- 

 tended that such scenes are to be in good taste, and in the best 

 style of the art. 



9. Ruins, also, have a good effect when erected in situations 

 that seem natural for them, but it is very difficult to give them 

 such an appearance as to induce the belief that they exhibit the 

 effects of time, and are not the work of art or any great revolu- 

 tion. Buildings often become ruins from the effects of fire and 

 war, but such are not included here, and ought not to be imi- 

 tated in art. 



In constructing ruins, stone should be used which has the 

 appearance of being decayed by time, such as tufa (Tuffstein). 

 The walls should be of a proper strength and thickness, with 

 cracks of a suitable depth, and other signs of age and destructi- 

 bility expressed on them ; and it should be evident from the 

 remains of such ancient structures, what their original intentions 

 were; and even the manner in which they were constructed 

 should be somewhat guessed at from their appearance. The 

 parts that are thrown down should lie in places where they 

 undoubtedly would have lain from natural circumstances; and 

 the places where they fell from should have the appearance as 

 if they had once been there. 



Fragments of ruins ought not, therefore, to be strewn about 

 by chance, and care should be taken that parts of other kinds of 

 ruins may not be placed near them, such as cornices, columns, 

 chapiters, &c. ; because it would soon be discovered that such a 

 heterogeneous mass never belonged to the constructed ruin: and, 

 in order to give as much of an appearance of truth as possible to 



