544 SckeWs Landscape-Gai'dening. 



the tower passes over the open and very colossal fan of my lady. 

 (A very refined idea !) On the wall in the interior of this tower 

 is written a portion of the well known song, " Marlborough s'en 

 va en guerre," &c., over every step, so that it may be sung while 

 ascending. 



The hermitao;e was also introduced in like manner in numerous 

 gardens, because it was thought by many that an English 

 garden could not be without a hermitage, or a place that bore 

 that name. May the young landscape-gardener, however, 

 abstain from mimicking such childish follies, and bear in mind 

 that the gardens of England have not such absurdities ! 



In erecting and arranging these different kinds of structures, 

 the greatest care must be taken that they are not all seen at 

 once from any point of view. Where the temple of Love stands 

 on the summit of a beautiful declivity surrounded by rose trees, 

 there should be no temple of any other divinity seen from it, nor 

 any structure in any other style of architecture, no Gothic resi- 

 dence, nor monument of sorrow. Bridges may be an exception, 

 because these only belong to roads and rivers, and have no 

 general connexion with the other structures. These different 

 kinds of styles would be quite in opposition one with another, 

 and could never be brought into one harmonious whole; and 

 the more so, as each structure should have a scenery adapted to 

 its style of architecture. These new and unexpected objects, 

 also, strike the traveller with agreeable surprise, and his enjoy- 

 ment by that means is increased and exalted. 



VIII. The first Proceedings on the Spot which is to forvi the Natural Garden. 



1. When a natural garden is to be formed, the first thing 

 requisite for the landscape-gardener is, to make himself tho- 

 roughly acquainted with the spot and the surrounding scenery. 

 He must carefully examine, study, and contemplate all that 

 nature has produced within or beyond this space for the garden, 

 so as to judge whether he can with propriety take advantage of 

 any ; because, by doing this, originality, truth, time, and enjoy- 

 ment are not only obtained, but the expenditure is greatly 

 diminished. He should also avoid, as much as possible, the 

 too precipitate destruction and felling of trees; he should rather 

 bring them into connexion with natural scenes, or with those of 

 his own creation. Water is the life and soul of a natural garden ; 

 he should, therefore, do all in his power to produce such an 

 ornament. Nature gives us lakes, ponds, and rivers ; she sends 

 forth springs, and produces waterfalls : the landscape-gardener 

 should do the same, if he possibly can. Where nature has 

 given him springs, he should unite them to form lakes, ponds, 

 or rivers, or turn them into waterfalls. When he has a flat 

 surface to work upon, he should raise little elevations, like small 



