REPORT OF THE SECRETARY. 7 



The season's work was undertaken with two principal objects in 

 view : First, to determine, if possible, the base line of demarcation 

 between the Lower and Middle Cambrian; and second, to locate the 

 exact horizon of a Cambrian snbfauna (AlberteUa) that had in its 

 entirety been found only in drift boulders in the Kicking Horse Val- 

 ley east of Wapta Lake. 



One of the important incidental results obtained was the discovery 

 at Wonder Pass of a great overthrust fault by which the basal 

 Cambrian rocks forming the mountains on the west side of the pass 

 have been thrust eastward over upon the limestones of the Devonian, 

 shown in the slope on the east side of the pass. The thrust along 

 this fault has carried the rocks forming the main range of the 

 Rockies in this area several miles to the eastward. The fault crosses 

 through Wonder Pass and then curves to the northwest, southeast 

 of Magog Lake, to the great cliff forming the northern extension of 

 the Assiniboine massif. During the million or more years that the 

 agencies of erosion had been wearing away the great mass of rocks 

 above the fault, mountain peaks, canyons, and ridges have been 

 carved and polished by frost, snow, and the grinding force of huge 

 glaciers. The glaciers have now retreated to a point near their 

 origin, high up on the mountains, but they have left behind them 

 basins that are filled with beautiful lakes, such as Magog, Sunburst, 

 and Ross. 



The line of demarcation between the Lower and Middle Cambrian 

 was found to be high up in the section on the face of the cliffs at 

 Wonder Pass, and throughout the Assiniboine massif. 



While camped on Magog Lake, below Mount Assiniboine, some 

 marvelous reflections of the peak in the waters of the lake were seen 

 in the quiet of the early morning. The changes in the " cloud ban- 

 ners," at the peak occur very rapidly. These views led us to regard 

 the grand pyramid of Mount Assiniboine as the Matterhorn of 

 America. 



Northwest of Banff the broad valley of the Bow has been eroded 

 diagonally back through the massive scarf of the overthrust massif 

 and thus exposed to erosion the heart of the great arch that had its 

 crest over the region now occupied by Mount Victoria and other 

 peaks of the Bow Range. 



Some photographic views were secured looking south across the 

 Bow Valley into the heart of the Rockies. A view of Pinnacle Peak 

 tells the story of the tremendous power of erosive agencies, where the 

 colossal quartzites and limestones are shattered and eroded into the 

 most fantastic forms. 



West of Pinnacle Peak, at the head of Paradise Valley, Mount 

 Hungabee rises in a terraced wall 4,000 feet above the glacier at its 

 foot, while another glimpse of these great cliffs is seen under Mount 



