REPORT 



OF THE 



SECRETARY OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 



Charles D. Walcott, 

 FOR THE YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1922. 



To the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution: 



GENTLE:\rEK : I have the honor to submit herewith the annual 

 report of the activities and condition of the Smithsonian Institution 

 and its branches during the j^ear ending June 30, 1922. The affairs 

 of the Institution proper (together with brief summaries of the 

 operations of the various branches) are given on pages 1 to 25 

 of this report, and the appendixes contain somewhat detailed 

 accounts of the year's work, written by the head of each of the 

 branches. These include reports on the United States National 

 Museum, the National Gallery of Art, the Freer Gallery of Art, 

 the Bureau of American Ethnology, the International Exchanges, 

 the National Zoological Park, the Astrophysical Observatory, the 

 United States Regional Bureau of thg International Catalogue of 

 Scientific Literature, the Smithsonian Librarj^, and the publica- 

 tions of the Institution and its branches. 



THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. 



THE ESTABLISH.MENT. 



The Smithsonian Institution was created by act of Congress in 

 1846, according to the terms of the will of James Smithson, of 

 England, who in 1826 bequeathed his property to the United States 

 of America " to found at Washington, under the name of the Smith- 

 sonian Institution, an establishment for the increase and diffusion 

 of knowledge among men." In receiving the property and accept- 

 ing the trust Congress determined that the Federal Government was 

 without authority to administer the trust directly, and therefore 

 constituted an " establishment " whose statutory members are " the 

 President, the Vice President, the Chief Justice, and tlie beads of the 

 executive departments." 



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