318 Floristik, Geographie, Systematik etc. 



latest the highest; it is seen that leaves are diminishing together 

 with height. — As a whole, an exact comparison is here made, 

 showing the different degree of resemblance in leaf size between 

 the formations. The resemblance is greatest between the two first 

 formations, also regarding the dominating growth-forms (not given 

 in the table above). This is striking because the two formations are 

 conditioned by very different climates, the xeromorphy in the Cal- 

 luna-iormdiüon being brought about by physiological drought of 

 Winter. That of the Thymus iorm.3.i\on by phj^sical drought of sum- 

 mer. On the other hand, raany annuals are found in the latter in 

 spring'time, and these are wanting in the Danish heath. 



Ove Paulsen. 



Raunkiaep, C, Om Valensmetoden. Bemaerkninger i An- 

 ledning af: Harald Kylin och Gunner Samuelsson's 

 "Nägra kritiska synpunkter paa heständanaly ser". 

 [On the value-m ethod. Remarks on account of: Harald 

 Kylin's and Gunnar Samuelsson's paper „Some criti- 

 cal Views on analyzes of Vegetation"]. (Botanisk Tidsskrift. 

 XXXIV. 6. p. 289—311. Köbenhavn 1916.) 



Reply to the named swedish authors' criticism of Raunkiaers 

 method of determining the frequency in the formations (Value- 

 method). The author points out the difference between percent 

 frequency and percent area. The first is the percentage of 

 samples Q-I-^q m'^ each) wherein the species is found, the second is 

 the percentage of ground covering for the species. A third concep- 

 tion is the percent area frequency, i.e. the percentage of sam- 

 ples where a species Covers the ground. The ratio between the 

 latter two, expressed in percent, is named the presence-percent 

 and gives the average degree of ground-covering. 



The formations are biologically characterized by the growth- 

 form numerically dominating, but physiognomically by the growth- 

 form dominating in mass. The formation classes established upon 

 Raunkiaers' System of growth forms are enumerated; their sub 

 divisions are not given in the following. 

 Cl. I. Formations of Megaphanerophytes . 



,, „ Mesophanerophytes. 



„ „ Microphanerophytes. 



„ „ Nanophanerophytes. 



„ „ Chamaephytes. 



„ „ herbs {HemicrypiophyteSj Geophytes, and 



Therophytes). 



„ „ Helophytes. 



„ „ Hydrophytes. 



Ove Paulsen. 



Thellung, A. und F. Zimmermann. Neues aus der Flora 

 der Pfalz. (Rep. spec. nov. XIV. p. 369—378. 1916.) 



Zusammenstellung der von F. Zimmermann in wenig be- 

 kannten oder schwer zugänglichen Publikationen zerstreut teils 

 mit deutscher Beschreibung, teils ohne Diagnose aufgestellten 

 neuen Pflanzen formen oder Namenkombinationen aus dem Pfälzer 

 Florengebiet, nunmehr mit lateinischen Diagnosen versehen, duzu 

 Diagnosen einiger noch gänzlich unpublizierter neuer Formen. 



Cl. 



II. 



Cl. 



III. 



Cl. 



IV. 



Cl. 



V. 



Cl. 



VI. 



Cl. 



VII. 



Cl. 



VIII. 



