of which the finer material (the clay fraction) is predominant. Silt and sand 

 accumulate more slowly, and the fine particle bottom is less consolidated. 



144. ROSE, CD., "Mortality of Market-Sized Oysters Crossostrea virginiaa 

 in the Vicinity of a Dredging Operation," Chesapeake Science, Vol. 14, 

 No. 2, June 1973, pp. 135-138. 



The average mortality of market-sized oysters collected at seven sampling 

 stations within 595 meters of a spoil bank crossing an oyster lease was 57 percent 

 as compared with an average mortality of 17 percent oh the remainder of the lease. 

 Sediment commonly covered oysters taken from the affected area. Theoretical mor- 

 tality (mortality that would have been produced by sedimentation resulting from 

 dredging operations if other mortality-inducing factors had been inoperative) was 

 estimated to be 48 fiercent. 



145. ROSENBERG, R., "Effects of Dredging Operations on Estuarine Benthic Macro- 

 fauna," Marine Pollution Bulletin, Vol. 8, No. 5, May 1977, pp. 102-104. 



Dredging operations in a Swedish estuary reduced the number and diversity 

 of benthic species. The larval recruitment in the vicinity of the dredged area 

 was strongly affected. An overall increase in concentrations of mercury, cadmium, 

 zinc, copper, lead, and nickel was recorded in benthic fauna. One and a half 

 years after termination of dredging, the benthic community structure was nearly 

 restored and high concentrations of heavy metals had decreased considerably. 



146. SHANLAR, N.J., and MASCH, F.D., "Influence of Tidal Inlets on Salinity 

 and Related Phenomena in Estuaries," Technical Report HYD 16-7001, 

 Hydraulic Engineering Laboratory, University of Texas, Austin, Tex., 

 Mar. 1970. 



This study presents mathematical hydrodynamic and salinity transport 

 models applicable to the analysis of the effects of tidal inlets on bays and 

 estuaries having the typical morphology encountered in the U.S. coastal regions 

 of the Gulf of Mexico. The practical utility of these models has been demon- 

 strated. 



147. SHERK, J. A., Jr., O'CONNOR, J.M. and NEUMANN, D.A., "Effects of Suspended 

 Solids on Selected Estuarine Plankton," MR 76-1, U.S. Army, Corps of Engi- 

 neers, Coastal Engineering Research Center, Fort Belvoir, Va . , Jan. 1976. 



A 3-year laboratory study identified biological components of selected 

 populations of estuarine organisms most sensitive to the effects of different 

 suspended sediments. 



148. SIMMONS, E.G., and HOESE, H.D., "Studies on the Hydrography and Fish 

 Migration of Cedar Bayou, A Natural Tidal Inlet on the Central Texas 

 Coast," Publications of the Institute of Marine Science, University of 

 Texas, Austin, Tex., Vol. 6, 1959, pp. 56-80. 



Cedar Bayou Pass, a natural tidal inlet on the Texas coast, was the 

 subject of studies in 1950-51 and 1957-58. In 1950-51, when the pass was 

 open, it was utilized extensively by fishes, crabs, and shrimp as a passage- 

 way to and from the Gulf of Mexico. Most movement was nocturnal and more fish 

 moved to the gulf than to the bay. The fish taken in the largest numbers was 

 the Atlantic croaker, which migrated gulfward during the summer months. Sea 

 trout were frequently captured but these were normally following schools of 

 shrimp. An outward movement of the southern flounder was intense during the 



48 



