Scalefish and mobile Crustacea were not damaged within 23 to 46 meters of 

 an active dredge. In the immediate vicinity of the dredge, large mud particles 

 damaged the bottom, but the effect did not extend beyond 366 meters. Controlled 

 dredging is suggested as the method whereby local conditions, spatial and tem- 

 poral, are considered. Shellfish did not suffer damage when they were suspended 

 from the dredge itself. Sediment transport is considered in detail. Because of 

 water currents, fine particles would probably not remain on oyster reefs long 

 enough to cause mortality of oysters. 



78. IPPEN, A.T., "Saltwater, Freshwater Relationships in Tidal Channels," 



Proceedings of the Seaond Annual Conference on American Water Resources, 

 Nov. 1966, pp. 47-55. 



The interaction of tidal currents and riverflow in estuaries and tidal 

 canals has been subject to extensive analytical studies. The most important 

 engineering conclusions concerning salinity intrusion into tidal channels as a 

 result of density differences between saltwater and freshwater are reviewed. 

 Changes in the salinity environment and associated shoaling patterns due to 

 man's interference are now predictable in recent research. 



79. JAMES, W.P., et al . , "Environmental Considerations Relating to Operation and 

 Maintenance of the Texas Gulf Intracoastal Waterway," Sea Grant Report 



TAMU-SG-78-204, Texas A&M University, College Station, Tex., Nov. 1977. 



This study identifies potentially adverse environmental factors other 

 than dredging associated with the operation and maintenance of the Texas 

 Gulf of Mexico Intracoastal Waterway. Field sampling was conducted to 

 ascertain the background water and sediment quality. A numerical model 

 study was done to analyze the flow between Galveston Bay and Sabine Lake. 

 Satellite imagery was used in the lower Laguna Madre to study the circulation 

 patterns and sedimentation rates. 



80. JOHNSON, G.F., and DeWIT, L.A., "Ecological Effects of an Artificial Island, 

 Rincon Island, Punta Gorda, California," MR 78-3, U.S. Army, Corps of Engi- 

 neers, Coastal Engineering Research Center, Fort Belvoir, Va., Sept. 1978. 



This study documents marine ecological conditions at Rincon Island, 

 located approximately 0.8 kilometer offshore between Ventura and Santa Barbara, 

 California. The island was constructed between 1957 and 1958 to serve as 

 a permanent platform for oil and gas production. 



81. JOHNSON, R.K., "Hydrographic and Ecological Effects of Enlargement of 



the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal. Appendix I. Production and Distribution 

 of Fish Eggs and Larvae in C and D Canal," Report No. NRI-REF-72-16, 

 University of Maryland, National Resources Institute, Solomons, Md., 

 Sept. 1973. 



The Chesapeake and Delaware (C and D) Canal connecting the Delaware 

 River estuary with the Chesapeake Bay is one of the more important spawning 

 and nursery areas for striped bass in the Chesapeake Bay region. Eggs, 

 larvae, and juveniles of 20 species of fishes and young fishes of varying (by 

 season) species are found in the canal area throughout the year. An analysis 

 of data resulting from 2 years of sampling effort has revealed this area to be 



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