a CONTENTS. 
CHAPTER IV. 
OBSERVATIONS ON THE GEOLOGY OF THE ROUTE—Continued. 
From the Rio Grande to the Colorado Chiquito. 
Coal along the Puerco.—Las Lunas.—Burning coal-bed a t Cabolleta—Red sandstone strata.—Lava.— Volcano es, San 
Mateo.—Blue clay and fossils.—Covero.—Lava stream. vue —Small crater.—Granite of the Pint Madre.—Car- 
boniferous.— Gneiss.—Limestone on the east side, at Campbell's Pass. —Summit.—Carboniferous. — V. south.— 
Table lands west of ‘the Sierra Nevada.—Mounds in peculiar forms.—El Moro, or eg Bock. ti of old 
inscriptions show the slow wearing of the sandstone. —Ojo Pescado.-—Lava stream in the —Lava covers the stream.— 
Ruins at the spring3.—Coal.—Zuñi and its vicinity.—Cliffs of white geben cie Él fos resulting from weather- 
ing.— Traditions e a A —Fossils.—Jacob’s Well. —Drift of mie of jasper and agate.—Puerco of the west. — 
Foseil tr ee.—Red s —General view of the extent of the table-land.—Caiion of the E dio in the pla- 
teau.—Valley of de cm Chiquito. —Red clay and gypsum. dt eg trees silicified. —Drift. —Basaltic 
atth 
CHAPTER V. 
OBSERVATIONS ON THE GEOLOGY OF THE ROUTE-— Continued. 
From the Colorado Chiquito to San Pedro. 
From the Colorado Chiquito to the Great Colorado.—-Magnesian limestone. —Cañon Diablo in limestone. —Similar limestone 
Mt.—Lava 
at other places.—Granite.—Older than the magnesian limestone.—Extinct volcano called San Francisco 
streams.—Secondary cones.—Volcanic ashes.—Direction and extent of the lava rires. —Sandstone.—Bill Williams’ 
mountain, volcanic: its lava streams.—Carboniferous limestone.—Picacho, of granite.—Carboniferous lim: d 
fossils. —Aztec mountains.—Horizontal strata forming a cliff.—Lava.—Cygnus mountain.—Aquarius ihe -—Gneiss 
and Mw rocks. — Tertii strata.—Trap P —Valley of the Hawilhamook.—Cerbat mountains.—Volcanic 
rocks. —Colorado river.—Colorado river to San Pedro.—Granitic ranges.—Great Basin.—Soda lake and Mojave river.— 
Nature of p% incrustation.—Sand-dunes.—Metamorphic rocks.—Soil of the slopes.—Cajon Pass.—Sandstone probably 
terti ranite and metamorphic aod —Tertiary strata.—Fossils.—Recent elevation.-—Bitumen and tar springs.— 
Trap rock. Merten 
CHAPTER XL 
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE GEOLOGICAL FORMATIONS. 
Granite, Metamorphic, Devonian, and Carboniferous. 
General remarks.— Granitic rocks predominate west of the Aztec mountains -—Red or pink granite predominates. — Principal 
places at which anes rocks have been identified: their probable age.—Azoic.—Silurian.—Carbon ege gs 
Relative ages of the graniti — Anterior to and later than the carboniferous.—Tertiary or post-tertiary.— Ranges of 
same age not coincident in ; ditection. —Devonian, es of its existence. ee fae a, —Of the a pp 
Santa Fé mountains.— General extent along the line. —Lithological characters.—Thicknessof the strata. —Fossils.—Sand- 
stone and coal measures. —Lithological characters.—View near Fort E strata at Sugarloaf mountain.— 
Ferruginous Vogt —Thickness of the coal measures.—Diminish towards the west.—Fossils.—Coal.—General obser- 
vations on the carboniferous Forti —Disturbances of the formation.—Denudation.—Limestone of Cañon Diablo.— 
Metamorphic limestone of Cajon and Tejon, probably carboniferous. 
CHAPTER VII. 
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE GEOLOGICAL FORMATIONS—Continued. 
Gypsum formation, Cretaceous, Tertiary, and Volcanic. 
Gypsum formation supposed to be Trias by Mr. Marcou.—Absence of fossils.—Called gypsum formation by Prof. Hitchcock.— 
Extent and boundaries of the formation.—Lithological characters. —Section at Pyramid mountain.—Gypsum.—Extent 
and locality of the deposits.—Most abundant east of the mountains.—Dolom ite, east and west of the mountains.— 
Thickness of the gypsum formation.—Disturbances of the strata. —Uplift near San Antonio due to trap dikes.—Extend 
in nearly unbroken strata from the east to the west side of the mountains. —Probable age of the formation and its 
repo synchronism with the Trias of Europe.—Cretaceous formation.— Points at which it is identified by fossils.— 
Cretaceous age of the Llano Estacado.—Of the plateau west of the Sierra Madre.—Extent of the cretaceous along the 
route.—Mineral characters. — Thickness. —Dislocations.— Mountain ranges older than the cretaceous.—Submerged in 
part by the Cretaceous Reported Jurassic age of the Llano.— Tertiary. — Post-tertiary.—Alluvial. 
