CACTACE. 83 
3. C. FzNpLERI, Englm. in Pl. Fendl.: Seen first on the high plains 50 miles east of the 
Pecos, about the 105th degree, and extending from there over the mountains of New Mexico 
westward to the Aztec mountains, near the 113th degree. Southward it has been seen as far as 
El Paso. 
The ovate or mostly elongated cylindric heads are simple or few together, and of a dark green 
color; they are characterized by the dark central spine, which is very bulbous and curved 
upwards, and by the lower radial spines being by far the stoutest, the lowest being 4-angular. 
Flower and fruit have been described elsewhere. 
Var. B. PAUPERCULUS, with only about 6 spines, the central one assuming the place of an upper 
radial spine, was also found near the Pecos. It hardly deserves the designation of a distinct 
variety, as occasionally complete bunches of spines occur on thé same plants with the depau- 
perate ones. 
4. C. MOJAVENSIS (sp. nov.): ovatus, dense ceespitosus, 10-11—costatus, glaucescens; areolis 
orbiculatis junioribus dense albo-tomentosis distantibus; aculeis basi bulbosis teretiusculis s. 
subangulatis robustis elongatis curvatis, radialibus 7-8, infimo superioribusque debilioribus, 
lateralibus longioribus, centrali singulo angulato sursum incurvato. (Plate IV, fig. 8. 
Var. 8? ZUNIENSIS: dense ceespitosis 10-costatus, areolis paulo minoribus, aculeis tenuioribus 
basi bulbosis quadrangulatis rectis s. paulo curvatis flexuosisve, radialibus 8 infimo graciliore, 
summo robustiore longioreque, centrali singulo robustiore longiore recto s. sursum incurvo. 
(Pl. IV, fig. 9.) 
Found between the Rio Colorado and Mojave creek, with Echinocactus polycephalus and Opun- 
tía erinacea, etc., a region rich in rare Cactacee. The oval heads, 2-3 inches high, and 14-2 
inches in diameter, form dense cespitose masses much like C. pheniceus. The areole are 3 
lines in diameter, 6 lines or more distant from one another. The long and very bulbous spines 
are curved and interlocked so as almost to hide the body of the plant. Upper and lower radial 
spines 9-15 lines, the uppermost one wanting or weaker than the rest ; lateral spines 15-25 lines 
long, ashy-red when young ; central spine more angled 14-21 inches long, dusky; all spines 
ashy-gray when old. 
C. Zuniensis seems to form an intermediate link between this and the next species, but resem- 
bles most the former, to which for the present—not knowing flower and fruit—we doubtfully 
draw it as a variety. It was found near Cañon Diablo, on the Colorado Chiquito, about 120 
miles west of Zuñi. Its manner of growth and whole appearance is very much like that of the 
Mojave species, the spines are weaker, straighter, and more angular; the principal difference 
consists in the stout upper radial spine, which is similar to the central spine. Young areole 
nearly 3 lines in diameter, 4-6 lines distant ; lowest radial spine 6-9 lines, lateral ones 9-15, 
and upper one 12-18 lines long ; central spine 11-2 inches long, very bulbous at base. Young 
spines straw colored, old ones ashy. 
C. Mojavensis seems to be nearly allied to C. Fendleri, (in both the spines are very bulbous at 
base, the central one single, angular, and curved upwards,) but the cespitose growth, glaucous 
color, longer radial spines, the lowest one of which is weakest, seem to distinguish it. The 
examination of numerous specimens in loco, and the flower and fruit only can decide here whether 
they are distinct, or forms of a single species, and this indeed is the case with all those Cactacee 
the flower and fruit of which are unknown to us. 0. Zuniensis was collected December 18, 
1852, and the Mojave plant March 4, 1854. 
5. C. GONACANTHUS (sp. nov.): ovatus simplex s. e basi parce ramosus costis 7 interruptis, 
areolis magnis orbiculatis distantibus, aculeis robustis angulatis rectis s. varie curvatis flexuo- 
sisve, radialibus 8, inferioribus lateralibusque quadrangulatis flavidis basi et seepe apice obscuris, 
5r 
