42 | EXPLORATIONS FROM A. D. 1832 To A. D. 1844. 
river. Here they turned westward along this stream, passing from it to the source of the first 
fork of the Izuzah river in the Céteau du Prairie, and thence north to the sources of the Second 
and Third forks; the latter they followed to the Izuzah, whence they crossed over to Big Stone 
lake. They also examined Lac Traverse, and returned to Fort Snelling by the St. Peter’s 
river. Mr. Nicollet placed the source of the Big Sioux (which he did not visit) about — 
five miles too far north; it is now known to head in Lake Kampeska. 
- Mr. Nicollet and Lieutenant Frémont again started from St. Louis on board tes American 
Fur Company’s steamer Antelope, April 4, 1839, bound for Fort Pierre, at which place they 
arrived June 12. The course of the river was sketched throughout most of the distance as 
the boat ascended. Their design being to explore Miniwakan lake, a party was organized at 
Fort Pierre. They took the field on the 2d of July, and proceeded in a northeast course, 
striking the Riviére 4 Jaques, or James river, at the old trading-houses called the ‘‘ Oakwood 
Settlements." They explored the valley of James river as far north as Butte aux Os, or Bone 
Hill; thence they struck northeastwardly to the valley of the Shayenne Oju river. This valley 
they followed as far as the parallel of 47° 45’, when they crossed the stream and travelled 
northwest to Miniwakan or Devil’s lake. Having examined all its shore except the north- 
west extremity, they returned to the Shayenne river, and crossed the high divide separating it 
from the Red river valley on the east. Travelling south near the sources of the west branches 
of Red river, they recrossed the Shayenne near latitude 46° 30’, and continuing d in nearly the 
same direction passed the sources of Wild Rice urbs and examine lakes about 
the head of the Cóteau du Prairie. Falling upon the sources of the Izuzah river n, they 'eturned, 
by that stream and the St. Peter's river, وج رهز‎ £4 
Mr. Nicollet was the font: valens who made much use of the b ew» for Godás the 
elevation of our great interior country above the sea. An abstract of the methods and prin- 
ciples by which متس میم‎ in his explorations is given in his report, and have served as 
a guide to many q pl یی‎ one of the pum contributions ever 
EE یت‎ D as a aei 
; EXPLORATION oF LIEUTENANT c. FRÉMONT, TOPOGRAPHICAL ENGINEERS, IN 1842. 
of this expedition is Senate document, No. 243, 27th Congress, 3d session, aid‏ یناه یروت 
is entitled “An Exploration of the Country lying between the Missouri river and the Rocky‏ 
Mountains, on the line of the Kansas and Great Platte rivers." It is illustrated by a map on a” 
scale of 1 to 1,000,000, (nearly 16 miles to an inch,) embracing the country from the forks of 
the Platte to the South Pass, between the 43d and 45th parallels. 
Lieutenant Frémonts M consisted of about 25 persons, all mounted, except eight, who 
= was Did the s since" well i — Mr. 
Itations, , and barometer. “He pene E the month of the Kansas diverit 
oe 
miaf 
his party, a portion going with 
he, with the remainder, continued up ihe Beetle fel, jn ania, thence he proceeded 
north to Fort Laramie. From سورب‎ dup the North fork of the Platte to the Sweet- 
water river, and up this to its source in the South Pass. He continued to the northwestward, 
ON 4 مه‎ the Feiner 
z SE De PATO کل و را‎ E ia S NO PL EF N E TET NUES: ULL ONT ۷ ۰ ۳۱۵۷ peter 
