EXPLORATIONS FROM A. D. 1843 TO A. D. 1852. 49 
hardships and perils, he succeeded in crossing the Sierra Nevada in the months of January and 
February, and proceeded to Neuva Helvetia, on the Sacramento river. 
Leaving the Sacramento, Lieutenant Frémont travelled up the west side of the San Joaquin 
valley, following that stream to near its head; thence travelling around the eastern shore of 
the Tulare lakes, he crossed the Sierra Nevada mountains near their southern end by a ‘‘beau- 
tiful pass” now called Tah-ee-cha-pah. Skirting along the eastern face of the mountains, he 
struck the Spanish trail from Los Angeles to Santa Fé near the Cajon Pass. This trail he 
followed down the Mohave river to where it leaves this stream, and. یمیت‎ northeast to Sevier 
river; here he left it and travelled north to Utah lake. 
Turning now to the east, up the Spanish Fork, he crossed the Wasatch mountains at the 
source of White river. Continuing on toward the east, he passed north of the sources of Uinta 
river, gets it es the Uinta mountains, arrived at Green river and crossed it at ** 8 
Hole." 
‘Following 4 the course of a small branch called Vermilion creek, the party crossed from its 
head to Elk Head river, went up this stream to St. Vrain Fork, followed it for a short distance, 
and then struck directly eastward, toward the summit of the dividing ridge between the waters 
of the Pacific and the Atlantic. They crossed the summit of the Rocky mountains at an 
elevation of 8,000 feet, near the head of Pullam’s Fork of the Platte, and descended into the 
valley of this stream. For the purpose of examining the three parks and the three rivers 
that rise in them, Lieutenant Frémont now turned up the valley of the Platte, passing into the 
New Park or North Park by the narrow gorge or gate through which the north. fork of the 
Platte forces its way. Keeping up the left bank of the Platte, and crossing several deep 
branches, he recrossed the divide between the waters flowing into the Atlantic and Pacific at 
an elevation of 9,000 feet, and, continuing to the south, crossed the Blue river near its forks 
in the southwestern edge of the Old or Middle Park. Thence going up the right hand fork, 
he again reached the summit of the divide between the Atlantic and the Pacific waters, and 
passed into the South Park or Bayou Salade, where the south fork of the Platte has its source. 
This last mentioned divide has an estimated height of 11,200 feet. Leaving the South Park, 
Lieutenant Frémont crossed the mountains which — it Pls the Arkansas river and 
again reached the open plains. 
" From this point the expedition moved fayidiy down the left bank of the denies: to 
twenty miles below Bent's old fort, turned northeasterly over an elevated prairie, and crossed 
a stream which Lieutenant Frémont considered a branch of Smoky Hill Fork, but which was 
probably Sandy creek of the Arkansas. On arriving at the head of Smoky Hill Fork, the 
party turned down its valley and continued along it to a point where the river bends northward 
to join with the Republican Fork. Here they left the river, and, continuing on their easterly 
course, struck the wagon road from Santa Fé to Independence, Missouri; and, on the last of 
July, 1844, encamped again at the little town of Kansas, on the left bank of the Missouri 
river, ` 
EXPLORATIONS OF CAPT. J. C. FREMONT, 1845-46. 
of this were published by the United States Senate, “let. ‘session‏ اس portion of the‏ و 
30th Congress, Mis. Doc. No. 148, entitled ‘‘ Geographical Memoir upon Upper California, in‏ 
illustration of his Map of Oregon and California, by John C. Frémont, addressed to the Senate‏ 
of the United States. Washington: Wendell & Van Benthuysen, printers." This is accompanied‏ 
ji 
