Jan. 5, 1856.] THE AGRICUL 
TURAL GAZETTE. 13 
perations previous! vogue in this dis trict, na apoa lately. Eac 1 field 
a 
mely, 4l. 
tae z the 
was minutely examined, and| Mr. William Gibson, to whom they awarded the priz prize 
apron 1800 acres of thorough dr drained ge sbor 1 Se iy verage portion feleted and measured ; the Turn rnips| of the silver ‘cup presented to the club by Yang 
thorough he had good reason to inelibes, from not having heard | thereon e topped. 6 9 pea oe ah , the judges found | W E Serisi ., Windsor, land steward to H.R.H. Prin 
a single statement to the contrary from s = p nted b y| Al Alb 
occupying tenants over e farms the ae ae ” " 
4 | Average |Average| Estimated 
M ? 1 k W We bste rs address He er the Naine cf Farm hes BI. of passa weight per Wei: ght | nee Dya matapa Date of 
of shallower drains than pre- and Paih | urnips.} a el a ee | of each p Nasal per Sowing. 
vious speakers had advocated :— | Pe. | “Aer | Turni Acn 
“He did not, however, differ in opinion materially as to the ji Boe, fae OE 
cameo fa uniform depth of 4 feet in strong clay subsoils not n — | sa | Ibs. | 
parce” with praia ater. The result of Ea of the last | Birthwood, pi Top Yellow} 104 | 384 17 | 8 | £1 1 
ten years had shown that the principle of parallel equi-distant | Culter ee 2 aes | n 
uniformity is applicable only where there esist uniform ett Overburns, (| hite Globe 1 tag 15 | 3.8 | 99 yards d & 3 cwt. P 210 20th May 
of soil, and uniform inclination of surface; that it requires modi- | Lamington q |Grn. fo Yellow ao 6 |) 98 fini | J ij 
fication directly the soil varies, and the pie becomes irregular, | i 36 8 a5 
and that the desire for uniformity h ad led a waste of money Blythbank, Pis ss | 6 12 Py Lis ds d & 20 23d May 
and imperf rk. He contended that eile resting on retentive | Linton... { |Sw 88 30 | 21 J3 by 
clay subsoils not oer vie, —_ water (he was not speak- plea [Grn e Yellow f | 6s: se s1 f w & 3 cwt. P g 210 
ing of subsoils with and sand containing water) rougna.. A | $498) V6 atd durs 
ould be drained Hob lesi than3 fe te hot but that the depth must Cornhill, [White Globe 11.1 Ysa 16 SAT E ANSTA OUDE T PRE POTE t-a June 15 
be regulated by the extent to which the clay cracks, and to where Culter i \Grn. Top Yellow 11 $ 3.1 and 2 cwt. caper gbodpnate of Tae” Junel 
the water ie shocka y tentive anii of the subsoil, for nirhonse, } |Purple Top Yel.) 10.6 la 1 8 A0 aos es a hi eg eruvian guano, } | 2 
his opinion was, that these particular soils require drainage, because | „ Liberton { | White Globe 106 jj 3.66 f and Bailey's | 
the water does not get into the subsoil, not because the subsoil is wir Grn. Top Yellow 98 | 82 11 |- 268 | Sek Peruvian guano | 2 0 June 5 
full of water. Our object, then, is to tempt the w through uiberton s 
the soil we can, and then get rid of it. Effectual three-feet drain LELKSHAM.—Cottages and Poors’ rutes.— At the late | present law ot settlement, even after all the 
of plants s 
ekort one, if they had a tendency subjec 
our: 
. sr Fer 
agrioultural neis tt mi oie sms. on this | 
ere ma 
relaxations 
that have been made in it. But this law w of settlement 
v. J. Wilki inson :—One | is not on 
want of ¢ 
rded them of readin 
y enton admi —because th example, both because 
ex three feet often costs nearly as ma a by first | much misplaced and to 
three—] se of pens f the ontfalls cases, | of the subject, and beca 
and the subsequent annual expense of keeping these outlets open. 
within the influe 
; e accommodati tion for 
taking a as etelt text, they take the pportniy thus | that 
affo; f wne And 
their duty in this matter, 
want no advice from me to tell them +t anh 
ya grea 
the | the labouring man himself. 
and, | labouring man has his capital as well as others— 
g the lando lecture as he e to aM st that where he 
I shall kat — thei chooses as a: ny 0 other man ; but he s not free, for he is 
I consider such | advi deterred b if 
take a very short-si ted vow old i and be coupe 
use I believe ‘the land t th l he H ore than a 
legal connection: We talk of nd but a man is net 
i e its duties as we ll a as its rights,” Yo u may see at | free unless he is at liberty o work where he pleases, 
be found that roduce would be f: re than if yo: d 1 | Neither with re walt e employer is this law a fair 
oe i ws 0 es ng clay subsoil, if you could do so. With bb rooms upstairs, a good supply of water, and a piece of | one, for the employer is a rate-payer, and he knows he 
Wellington's catate’s at Strathieldaaye, it wan trie Flan pee i f Rp ground, all = which is slg seat for about ls. a| must provide relief for those who require i , either in or 
some years since. He could show an estate in that neighbour- the way in which Mr. Neeld has provided | out of the house ; and the consequence is that he has 
ve pero Seep nami 5 wide intervals did so little good that cottage Palle rg for the poor on Pia estates will | only a choice of difficulties left him—either to employ 
Etin heal ot the satasia clay subsoils completely changing | his name to be long remembered ; and he will | labourers he does not want, or support them in the 
their character by the action of four-feet drainage pli haa sleep all the better in that palaco hei is iai for him- rhouse ; and there’ t i t a labouring man, 
frequently seen strong clays exposed a whole summer to the sun aa gr r a n, for the w. y age ae the me ever his inferiority as a labourer, yet if he has a 
nth the care rd year after year and yet they remain eep in de ir tages I to become a = 
try st 
main outlets were well opene ed, the springs cut off, and some of 
poo! 
believe it to ae ‘exceedingly shortsighted a int inland aa 
fault oo Me ord for n 
ee family, and is Jikely, with Raer Aes 
o the i aaz i almost 
t providing though may be unremunerative to hi 
rti as he he will employer, "Voetars, Sees to think that, in the inter- 
rease his rent. It is unrea in the interest of 
the upper lands laid dry, and then left for a year or two before | Sonable to expect that of any. ates he guardians of | the oy the ‘employer and the labouring poor e 
the rest of the draina; nage was procee eded with.” Broughton Gifford were some time ago surpri to | altera! oni law of settlement is 
Mr. Hewitt D eive a notice of the removal of a wi viday and her four er that change may be it roa for me to say 5 
__.'My experience in draining has so decidedly been in favonr o° rine = js whom they had never before heard any- | but I eg the i riley sre wiley ek re jertmay ya 
what is termed deep Gisining, that I have long ceased to drain chinese that sh for support. Upon inquiry we | sort oi or ha 
| wenger in any oe than ha eet, whenever a fall of this Depth fou dmother of a woman had been |I venture t t i li 
gained, an t as a minimum de] before, renee | conan war, 
am convin phat on re are soils and con aie whe ep it my at Broughton ton Gifford abou t 70 yours K g ae viii almost trely 
| is advisable to mat depor Ahe we s of the surface of | had been taken from the place soon afterwards by ies | engrosses everybody’s nga Be we deny come b some 
land to me to arise different conditions of the | father, “But that fact was against u s rather than i in ou decision | on the settlement qu at last see the 
| Soil, and that these eal for aiferent systems o of Fier phen both dove E ne, th 
pth and distance. I consider “searching, enactments 
ticularly what are called skond are made wat bo y the id oe 80 ther ana better settlement be ‘set up. So that we +| most espotic, hgerreehen FN 
ced sin ing oniy, a short distance, and accumulating in the | were afraid‘w ld b W vhich ever fettered the he poser and injuriously 
res an sures of the subsoil until it reaches the surface, and | fi condition and industrial habits 
it is with this standing that the drainer usually has to found out of this widoy anf ee ye’ children, oe a 
operate, and I give 4 the minimum depth of the drains in E d 
these soils because I have always found that the cracks <n a parishioner of Lacock some 100 years ago, 
eee aoe 7 K — Lae Deeg ued nd inasmuch 5 this was the case, the cent ae nee 
S e Se SOLIS rmeadie, exi `i 
below this depth, and the water from the Farsa may be m: 1 ade dren followed th oer of their ETSE g dfa i cellan 
reach the drains at this distance, and I do not advise ig and consequ we were relieved by the fact of some| Computati Se dae Tnechoutied Inpro ovements :— 
‘deeper, when the object is merely to take off the surface , | benevolent landlord having built a cottage in Lacock, in piela k: raaa is pr oposed by Me A 2 
‘becans the difficulty and expense then too rapidly advances to whi ich this man raised a nd gained a settlement not only | Ch as pi roper for adoption in leases of land for 
admit of doing so with vantage. As these descriptions of soils | e Report oj Discussion— 
are made by water that soaks perpendicularly, and rests in á: of Comvans 
the jo Pe = Perens solely to am h i; av at i This is an eaen of the working of the| Opies, y 
: es them from the su 
CONDITIONS ÅNXNXEXED. [RATE OF COMPENSATION TO BE ALLOWED ON QUITTING. 
of the drains and the facilities thes hae openness of the soil offer 
e drains. 
inch bones 
2. Bone dust and ae aeh 
bones 
'wo-thirds of the costs of what has been used in the 
= m za of tenancy, and one-third of that used in 
g. 
On vie or well drained pasture or eae land, i [Seven eightas of the costs of that used in the last 
same 
y S| oe 
impe T . this description of not being afterwards mown year of tenancy, and nent to the apn pe: every, 
aie t gton’s system of draining by spring tapping was previous year subsequent to 
‘applied with so much success a hundred years ago as to gain him | 3. Dissolved b g y lld c. aw --.|One-fourth of the cost of that 
à parliamentary grant l. He found that by cutting up the tenancy for Turnips and Rape. 
hill and across the clay in watery bed n it, he| 4, Lime See oes dry lå d d äi pie Three-fourt! ts of that used in the last 
frequently succeeded b, ans of a single deep drain, in laying s year of tenancy, and one-fourth of that used in the 
a considerable distance dry; but we must not forget that his preceding year. 
‘success | y in dealing with land made wet by water brought to| 5. Linseed-cake ti c d on the fi ee Si bee. wae bien rn ee the costs of that used in the last 
it and oo: on to its surface, and in intercepting it before it cy. The manure being carefully pre- 
pot the surface. Had I heard Lord Berners’ descriptio ret in "the foldyard. 
il and oe watery fissures, Ae ow Mr. T: 
4 if) I should have understood thai 
7. Draining—tenant os 
soils and circumstances, ey the tiles See eee ” 
greater savant from parallel draining are a to still more 
‘narrow the field for its adoption. With respect to Mr. Bullock | 8. New buildings or walls— 
‘Webster’s remarks with reference to 4 feet a Siaa er drains, landlo rd “nding ma- 
and in objection to the rule that ‘depth should govern the rials 
distance be e drains, or in other words, that ‘increasing 
the depth in c feet extends the distance drains draw, I | 9. Pondsand rods .., 
need say Ria” * oy farmer’s ERS in Airing 
ter furr s against him; and Lord Lonsdale 
of the expense of cutting, laying, and 
n the drains made during the last year of 
land! tenancy, and —_a one-fifth for every crop 
rfect order at the expiration of te: grown on the land since it was drained. 
o i above wi ins seventies tis, cost of those made in the last year 
of the ten: and decreasing | one-seventh for 
Provided the e are done under the direction of those erected in the last 
on | approved ‘of by the ‘tothe or his agent, — of fete Baresi and decreasing one-tenth for 
oee! = ing to plan and st DSi occupation >u S 
sere upon ra ne 
..|Same proviso as abov WE Ky Ge A eve -i or filled up in 
Eat ine a chearting the a that d 
road sides gave in layin, e grou 
solid, and I appeal to Mr. Dent 
= that the ger the dnie in all pera be wider they 
I began d: g 25 
rew further and laid land drier, aad for 
eve: ined le: feet deep 
Same proviso as pen Len dl Keeping and! N: 
delivering up in good repair s oeupatin pees 3 
d have been properly protected and ine ent ofthe costs of those aeaea a a 
n Provide ba ave pr ay y P 0 any) sing cone 
occupation after opr etion 
..|Provided proper seeds Save Ben sowa in a hus Th iva So seeds sown in the last year of 
cman and proper “pega am have T 
een 
depastured or trod by stoc 
eae pa = g ek down in torrents, carrying awat eiden ai anā causing ria 
- dam: On cne property some or have 
i- i rman gave concluding z Calendar of Operations. prom Sg Mig tem tn 
ot K and to the —— E i i 
Hi dress viously. The fall of rain since harvest has been m an 
oad d the meeting, we oo DE ER AND JA Y. average, and our as, although increased by the thaw, bave 
farsa week. er Ross, Dec.—For this last month we have had more | keen again, for a week, sealed up with an intense frost, so that 
i than ar an x ordinary supply of pake winter aSk About tires our farmers have been sadly complaining of want of water to 
eeks ago a severe frost set in, and a few days thereafter we had a | thresh out the grai ‘o-day , we have a change. It 
Farmers’ Clubs. Sim plp Aarh that the mail coach stuck fast in a wreath, | is now fresh and y soil has been harvest ina 
was sudden, 
field, took | the west coast, where the 
i 
i io 
. Biecar: = Turnip wt —The i sc A he epa oE ne rg oir. pores 
crop o hilis 
Turnips on 5 acres, from one 
working state; never was our laid down 
oo teenies a e e oor a Dan 
the dissolve, 
pape ne ve e TEE CE ee hae cea ; and go far advanced 
s 
