Fes. 9, 1836. 
THE GARDENERS’ 
CHRONICLE. 
85 
13th was — 0° 9 (30° Fahr.), on the 10th. From the the sides, the fresh split wood 8 lines thick. 
13th Fiabe’ to the 14th Fe Gran a more or less Twist to the right, no i tow raand s mea about 10 
severe frost prevailed, whi oad inter: rrupte ed be- | feet long in two por An spot in the 
tween t ó 4th and 7th Feb milde bark at ab hi f the height =r the cleft dis- 
tu ure, and partly by rain “whieh froze on the ground. 
stomates is Seren up in _the cavities of the wore as 
the erys such a 
minent and interesting feature i in ‘the leaf cells of Figs, 
Hops 
P 
at reached + 19 (34} Fahr. )s and even during the 
closes an injury, the nature of 
mine The second cleft. is in two net about 
+ feet t long, 6 feet from the > gro ound to the N.E. 
in Charada.. There is no reason to believe that ae 
ea 4 
be was oe below 
thaw never took place between the 13th January 
ae 24th February. 
(Here follow two tables—on of the daily 
tures, degrees of moisture, an xy cigs: oat strength 
a yind from the Sa Januar the end of Feb 
ruary 
s oe Lime Tree “at " Charlottenburg, o on a ‘the left of beg 
Frost cleft 
in road 
intended to per important faetone at som 
tempera- | ov 
each h a border with several breaks, poles 
from below "anal 8 feet up the main stem, is then con- 
+ q } 1 f, 1 f h h 
Other matters, however, may 
be present in the soil 
requisite for health in any pro aasi, and which in 
be d 
; the other of the daily d Bete 
e 1t t December, 1834, to | the 12th January, 1855.) 
of moisture fron into one 
of which it is continu for about 4 feet. 
The | are from a 
species ‘whieh so closely resemble 
estructive. Different as vegetables 
nimals in a multitude of respects, there are 
each other that it is 
spans from 9 lines to an inch or an i nd a | difficult to say t of the organised 
s which show frost clefts t g quarter. The young fresh say sien is 5 or 6 lines | world they really pE th exhibit vital 
t hal. previously resolved on mag” observations on | thick, the sid the upper part} phenomena, and we may presume therefore that the 
frost splitting in the course of 1854-5, and had th here- | deeply rott that tl g ł i le of life, however it may be modified, is essen- 
t of the winter directed my | border p dge of the cleft, No tially die same in org If proof, however, were 
attention especially to those trees which had overgrown twisting. nae athe’ ain s o the E.N.N, wanting in other respects, the identity of the effects 
frost clefts. I examined them almost diy, ane 22. Lim e Tr ee at Charlottenburg, 0 on the Berlin Road. Lape ag by cen vegetal and mineral poisons upon 
when the severe cold set in, towards middle o — pear from the | plant: s and animals would alone be sufficient. ties hether 
January. On the 2d of February I A err } of a ehed wed off but organic H tii vee as opium, hydro- 
Teope ni ng of frost oo re a great irap of Lime ergrown ; 3 is continued with a toa pas the ; prec eyanic | acid, chloroform. aipuari norganic, as arsenic, 
n the 3d also on 
number is trees in the. park CTuergaren) Ohie h 
visit on the 2d 
tenburg or that part of the Park in ew the 
greater number of the trees which su bsequently 
i ough I cannot thivefore precisely fix 
when these frost ‘clefts real ate yet vit cannot 
oad od some distance abo ove it; „total en ngth b 
full of dirt, bbe must shave be into it before it w 
12 fee half, could | duced is essenti ily ers same, in some cases affecting the 
iire e dat a to the depth of 8 iksi. “The $ berenn in some the organic s sindetaies Opium, hy: ydro- 
cleft w: been partially veoh Dy cyanic same sprees ‘orm, &c., paralyse or suspend the 
without a thickened Better etables, precisely as they do those of 
which had been fresh t split was only ab t three lines on poem teen licate tissues; while 
thick. The iter of th left were fron decayed wd ess impair r cture. 
ma. 
arenie, lead, &c,, more 
No r gaseous ‘matter “indifferent ; the comparative 
tas regards the majority of 
the Set Jan 
nuary ; ; for the 30th the; ey wer 
Proba ably i it was in the night k Beene: the 
rerow! 
5 
ees oe bat: where it showed a thi seal renee on ny inner the coal ral ‘minbotes hydrogen ; 5 the impure 
February, when the lepiti a in the | edge formed of young wood and seg The twist is hie aii 
Rittoestame indicat ed a minimum of — 1 Sor 9° the „le eft, the aspect S.S. W. cle ft of this tree pd trees, as “the emanation from certain 
here i hemical w aB d whi ce reduce their immediate neigh- 
of the cold, from the the 4th to re Tih February, oem 25. Bird Chery Try. — —In “te Park ces | bourhood A a treeless wilderness. The mischief may 
Temained open, and increased on the return of the| from a foot-path. Stem 13 ra thick “Prost cleft H in many cases be purely functional at first, but the 
Saws frost. But to my sorrow Pacts were only old | old, aa ero t gro SP f functions, especially if long continued or 
‘oom pel: n frost t splits th at burst open, and no new ones 10 feet | ong, ce ‘dt Bie sted | often f th t l 
the Pa: rk, the other a Horse Chesnut in the pària of 
the pupil gardeners’ establishment. Of th 
t 4 lines, is brown, , the twist to 
the right, the Siet from 8. to S.S. W. 
pe apt è to o induce active disease or the destruction of 
ans, which may in the end prove gene- 
the latter tres the 
Pe 4 
plainly in 
se Chesnu t ( — At Scars i in the 
ilero of ‘tha pupil enrener ipii Ad 9 ces 
from a walk, s diam 
having oceurre E. Bon oy on the 
9th 1 February, at Ilo o'clock at t night, with a loud A. 
t fresh, ag 
as 
9420. Te ta: TEE what co! aena Se? 
some vegetables we able to endure. “Moul ds flourish in 
nical and other mineral solutions, which might have 
supposed utterly tp pon tae of sustaining an, 
vegetal One anes he top OM of at 
3 
direction, appearance, and other ieii of the $ frost 
Twist to the left, direction to the south below, then 
a 
by | Stat 
slits of 33 a a, trees, Oaks, S s, Lime phe a black deca Bins spot | pri ‘of 3 per by the et pews assimilates 
Horse Chesnuts, Ashes, Poplar, Bir oot in length, lying, rather more | the ht ee ek shile the cop deposited as a 
herry, all ped five noted down whilst the clefts fon ‘al way up the cet, Dass decay h g te pellicle on its ai a fungus 
re still open, and three only of which he h wood in n streaks, about 1} inch | bon sqm? n the water of tan-pits where no 
himself observed all the particulars. The diameter of|deep. The cleft opens to on breadth of 3 or 4 lines ould exist. 
the stems always taken at 2 fe ‘om the ground, the 3i. As sh, (fig. 4).—In pp oe: ns Brunnengar arten.| 421. Though the action of many poisons i oy Limes 
measurements in Rhine feet and lines (twelfths), The di t cleft old, overgrown, | as opiu am, prussic acid, eae ana ay be ¢ 
following extracts will show the 3 bout 8 fe | the cultivator as ters of corioeity, 
Sbsetvatins. upon baer ote ot his arguments.) ` cranes in a north-west direction. a “have not myself | which can never eall for any e ga at his 
1. Quercus sessiliflora e Park, close to g p ld attend to th 
Lion’s Bridge, three pace the = tpath ; l lved i , for if so he will not Hii 
23 inches diam. eter ; cleft old, vtot £ n inch across, and opens every manure bis ir aad or trees, However beneficial the au 
border | hbo silaharetly with eight breaks, Ahi: wae cain over bith in summer. The clefts of | stance may be when properly adminis! tered, he he will me 
ing tha ure had opened and grown over again this and two other Ash trees (32 and 33) were remark- | use coarse id manure as i th some of 
bee i "eight different eis’ The cleft y ting em Dr inja ts, and 
about 15 a Seer: et a bd bao, Be oe and gel slit i in the bark. It nly at the t ft of t easil d by t, nor 
on bi No. lightly di These | will he be indifferent to ang Nay er air with which 
e aa ends a sr booed had precisely the appearance of those oe by the = houses are supplied. Ven conver will be of little 
th tt opens about fot four tines, slits dita: gardeners often make, as a = nf oe t the if poiso vapours antly from 
the sides of the Tasik ike broin ad deca ecayed, with tne | tree aaa or they m nay ha bee mere pandit. and these are someti 5 ob Enen A opið: 
Be art of pea eight 1 lines of fresh wood and bark wantonness. By th the patie Al duce at once visible evil. 
wn. a shorter one, but which I am told does not open 422, Itis very doubtful whether plants are capable 
wae ua pedaneaat. —In the botanie garden t | frosty weather, endering groun come by excretion from their 
Schi: te near (To be continued). bt and entire roots. however, easy to con- 
piercer icy site 173 ashes; f 
EGETABLE PATHOLOGY. —No. CVIL 
cavities, and in 
ces per a ae 
ceive that snch plants as Poppies, if ploughed green 
quantities, might prove 
injurious. M.J. B. 
TRADE MEMORANDA. 
Manchest cae ander a aT ASE occ 
par 
been rece 
the groun 
to the height of about 17 i it spans 
Rer pres 
another, the eos depeñds probably on mechanical 
laws whi ch at pi unable to a appreciate, If, 
dish Turnip seed and one handred 
weight oe crest te secd AS A SAMPLE, 
It ends neither at te ke ta deca 
to be i with a stum] 
bran it 
about Ik foot thick, 
“3i m 
By the way who is Mr. Charles Bardsley of that ~ 
ecting border 
‘of the cleft. Twist to the left. The, proj 
ht cleft had, therefore, burst 
shows eig 3 the 
open and 
—wi species 
from the Lies pee 
diameter. Cleft old; not overgrown ; sites brown, 
paler at the bark 5 but ; this i consequence of 
may be tained in the a 
find a ready 
admission t to the inward 
rem It is obvious, 
en under ordinary circum- 
from a deficiency or 
oe 1 
e, and am much 
gratified that Sir W. J. Hooker ares teckel tho saioei 
‘ore us. dpe tell my old friend Loudon that he 
Ben had lain closer tog i by the bark. The cleft 
extends to below the ground ; i is abont 3 f eet lon; ng, an 
our lines. It lies to the W.S.W.; no 
ing ie petospdbló. No rated occas joning it saa n be 
Seen ; but close over the cleft pet the west is a sm 
place in the bark, which seems to indicate some iijusy 
that has ove! 
sphere. 
‘The salt yj of Asia produze only such 
q | Plants as 
(delight in the particular mini mineral which 
is description and identi of it, but 
Pi ‘ogg to 
ye eae In land, on over-manured with guano 
Stak. 
or other animal matters, health or 
be intained, w. 
rgrown. 
8. Quercus, species not determined. re the road to 
eng e close to the a 3 28 inches dia- 
meter, old clefts, one scarred ; with a projectin, 
border with sight ing an eight-fold, burst. 
‘ing and overgrowing. wo 
* Tha figures will be given at the end of thia curions paper. 
