E aaru oaulbluuuiunau GAZETTE, 163 
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hands he employs, the increased number o! f his customers, and the | 4} quarters per acre, on the garden-farm of Lois-Weedon, which | will not come to Mahomet.” The remains of the profit still 
superior economy with which his work is rar cg a eth as still per ay its aoe Seed of Wheat without manure, and | left to us lie poised between two yearns me the miracle 
furnish you with no aecount whatever of the geigi ee t su | ping llapse—viz., betwee 
wishes for an almost provoking argument for poor vet peren hanical question. | cultivation and the levelof the mark: el > 
tics, let him look at this now irreparable fact. In vain do we qui ` peo k pei hi Es iad 
point to the almost perfected specimen of the plough, from the | I shrink from speaking of myself: but let not be thought or this apply to t cupier Our 
mauufactories of a ey, a Howard, a Ball or a Busby; to | to have ehekneer upon the eat Polgjest er ata: culture. I system of landed rinra ike the ropping cove- 
creation of a period 
Garrett’s horse-hoe; Hornsby’s drills; to Benthall’s broadshare, pave wate! a ee r and protea of the question from the nants in farmin: ng leases, a 
Coleman’s cultivator ah searifier ; to Chai ndler’s ingenious water- when very name of steam cultivation produced a smile, h 
drill; to Croskill’s clod-crusher; to the nearly, but not quite, a Dk ave tive Ae O rea alise a corti Ronpheay, that the time Sout 
perfected Reaping machine; to our splendid late improvements in | quickly come when the seer) of the thought would be the Of gra y which a old servant or dependant ee 
steam-driven barn-works, completing at once, and in the pres harder eit Barshai the throng of speculators on the subject, each be jensioned off, when, to use a jeter phrase, the 
no : il land was its own capital. 
e e sac wed flea. i s 3 
ready market, recalling, to the abov distinguished list, the | the power of a at Be ‘hand. Hoey ho nurse ideas upon the subje It approaches much more to the character of a ari in 
names of Clayton and Sbuttleworth, and Hump ris, These | would but agree to sacrifice a lit ttle of that self-reliant individuality which, a the pores machinery be not put in, the balance of profit 
names are but a very few even of the most prominen att sh with which nature pie eee inventive minds, and those who pro- is lost in s labour and wasteful expense. Reaching the 
army of Titans eternally waging peaceful war, whos nounce upon the me whole catalogues of others? patents occupier firat. it 183 yet upon t e Owners of settled property that 
i i at our annual peiure would bnt sink a Mte % ‘Sa! generality of which she has been the impact of this movement ultimately falls. Scare is 
Olympics approach each other within the narrow est shades equally liberal to minds that are not inventive, this invaluable | not ete me isan imperative necessity. We hav. tried to 
i i itn e i reac à CAS 
s 
fay to the i aC > is a mere first s mply S 
but what their joint Usiiparative effect has been upon the national | purchases abroad, The October temper of a clay soil will not Ment in the soil, in stock, in buildings, in barn-works, in addi- 
produce we cannot tell, and, what is worse, shall never know. | wait while horses are eating and sleeping fourteen hours out of tional hands, even to furnish the farm with its complement of 
But this we are able to see, that, with the exception of the | twenty-four; and the substitution of a power that needs no rest, Tequisite machinery. The annual loss which this country, 
st eve i en e soil says, “ Now or never,” is n boa: i nt u 
i in ti w icl 
= e nti Shi 
of modern practice. The farmer of the clays may listen with | board, than by nphraving the furrow-slice from the bottom upon | Goteiient grants, which struggle with the eect but leave 
admiring envy to the virtues of an instrument whose wholesale | the hardened fuler subsoil already too compact and imper- oe che K =. cause — = Hn mgd egos 
i És 
im i pleme is i 
of seasons he dare not use it, The utmost exertion of his team is | incidentally comprehended in one operation; a confirmation, to pati rief pda while a 
required to get his ploughing done, and his Wheat sown, in the | my mind, on the principle of the occult relations of mechanical a iri bonded ® subject: I neha pein Je approached stares 
few weeks after harvest when b EY is in proper condition = 4 truth in matters of invention, that the suggestion is a right one. | with its merous an 
ge. h i ught and ac fa i | 
S nter- > 
during those critical six weeks of ‘Beptomber and October after | prise, is re course that indicates itself for the accomplishment of | topics, rising thicker and thicker po. may view still 
his grain is harvested, and before the November fogs and rains | this now widely cherished object. Could the in gg song of such | Untouched upon. —s back over the space of my 
set in, he would, indeed, do Ae ttor to atitin skill; but e | an pra n'be a rea appropri visto Ten ; o ce i and erea | | own, however limited, experience, and purposing & 
is leave: ofte en by of | presence, which recall to mind the greatest union for the sacre 
winter, with many a task unfinished that comes with redoubled | paaie =y brotherhood of industry and art that time has y pone I shave encountered A history which. no effort at 
ressu: eh y I say this t spa 
Mer it th reagent gre to such a machine as Fow | arr k 
Drain ning Plough, with its happy incidental adoption of the without a parting w upon, and th } 
winter cultivation, The effect of drainage, even when most per- | la ately invented wire-rope, and that most Aphia and satisfac. x) as tl P g word p hi camp tiat 1 l Tans net 
fectly formed, is only comparative. It modifies the “evil, but tory feature which it embodies in its s nary engine. Itis | 23 “ose words can in carry Jong thoug 
it. “We i en i Ai e 
the specific want upon that large portion of the arable land of 
this ities which the character of our climate ren a nfit for 
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Besiis s, the e glaz ing passa of the plough through a pi | maiae i on steam culture, lately delivered Tbs, without recog- first drew me from other studies to that of 
Y what was my o 
see rfac he act of ji iva i mi of Upon as the v 
been arn that even its very points of excellence and finish—for pipes relieves their moisture from below, cutting through the | not consulted, by the home mariner, the plougher of 
light land culture—are, to some extent, negatived upon the ee. | subsoil like a cheese. It is upon the Steam-engine in every the land, who would escape shipwreck. 
Unless the mighty power of Steam will befriend us here, I ae | forni, as it gradually wins its way from the fold into the field, and | a A Y ge Sh nia f ey Ti 
no.loop-hole-of escape from the unequal struggle which has been | from the one engine that smoked = onr trial-yard at Bristol in | PATAGOX - i e prejudices sur- 
rovi pee Mr. A 
light „are more readily aeiiabie; and followed out through meter,—it is upon this apd that we must rest our bopes for A : 
the year. ee Turnip erop, ff by an ample sheep flock, with | that mec arrr AGN E Pa fe hee ure which our rih nate te and beyond pi which th . É agiajriai already 
the collateral advantage of 9 p Barley crop, mendare th their quad- | ou r clay demani of eoal and iron, with equal | possessed, saw around ee a ing wild a 
rennial Wheat crop a thing of aliments attained e: ana A vi iat, . eiriza y, Pranim the means of > latitude. It is still, indeed, ri 
in. chely-cane,iot ine ASRtERS oongansiiva importance to ea ere is one striking feature which has marked | pointed out by one whose toiling er “raed pen has 
I do not deny that, when I look at the new and extraordina: a ld pasted. we are looking back ae ¥—that books will not 
powers which the use of guano eae out to the heavy land attineed the notice and interest of the non-agricultural | teach practic ieal farmi farming ; but neither, as mear re- 
eg hoh EIA ona bu erag artificial ot Reese petich, world more than any other, and will hereafter become | joined, are they a substitute for, the apprenticeship of 
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track of horse or wheel, during the wet ae ony winter and p ; I mean | daily p P Yet, luckily—as no 
rendering these naturally rich staples almost independent of those numerous Example Farms, which, pean man better than the farmer knows— knowl is no 
shi ake stanc bu 
bo 
: weathering a somewhat rude storm during the rif of | the man who holds it, much swag the master 
mechanical difficulty, the two-fold problem of hard work and low prices reaching fro rere 1847 | to J 1852 » are now sti uffi- Ke directs it, walks none the heavier, observes none the 
rter ti aration. That i acu 
ë atly | tely, draws truth from ‘nature none the less 
in every county of what can be accomplished by ones’of 
problem pei Sie a under the necessity which enforces and Fesolute enthusiasm in the adop option and carrying out of | the field, ” though all “ Morton’s  Cyclopædia,”: and 
compels its consideration and solution upon our large acreage of all the improved resources which capital and general Stephens’ “Book of the Farm,” were sublimated into 
Pat a borna Tome ner bag te them, yet such inex- g ing to b his brain. It would be toiling to 
ustible capabilities within them. lebrated ™ | pa Sp Pine de 
Geld 3 a pere y and that perplexing Eden of mystery at | ee ate the term sien intelligence, as distinguished from prac- | argue the point again, but it is impossible for me to 
Lois Weedon, differing in other aims, agree in this, i a showing | tic rming knowledge, not as at all denying the latter | look baek over the period I have spoken of, without a 
the aAA a ye annual podneo milha Wheat soil, unmanured, qualication, often in a very high degree accompanying the | keen sense of gratitude to the bold and brilliant pens 
according to its tillage,-if ete from pian Fy | effort, and always eae attainable, but because I shall not, I me to 
rea i 
ne ioti 
“Wat, mieh, anede ot be lished establi S E om ae king 3 5 em = e pioneers who, 
if, to amore specially a fiapted mechanism of oo Wé generi enoe ored untrodden paths, and whose = own greatest deprival, and in egree inseparable 
ore prominent labours and results have been perhaps feos ag * 
should add | the pie sion and pa artial abrogation of an taken by the publis'es eye for a general movement of the m m its steady r and industrious ustrious pursuit, spart from the 
y ping pping, line and S yes cr agriculture, to which thoy fe ry Mouse 
isok Abe i 7 , to a great extent 3 sort advanced company. If, however, foreigners | enjoys. ” But who is there pre Veiga a is not 
rendered obsolete, SB ber ane themselves in Somme -sf ial an sa, whiten and i har by the words of those who, too far away 
Ww rank of the as the they and | for personal intercourse, are yet struggling » with the 
direct human food, d the i capacity of the Sectch aad | fro ich, that Fine rdia A and | same cra ERER ? urns the lie among 
Trish ciated ee ine preguetion of Oai ps oe other inferior grain, | fia attering cist or „British ‘igricatire, M. Lavergne, they | the now ic fields of Pusey, in in Berkshire, or 
evinced in the statistical returns that have appeared of those eee 7 ore er so high an estimate of our general progress, 
of the United Kingdom, is it not forcibly indicated that no | I think they would be not less astonished could they be made | Amidst the i fered and startled Hontiyin Booss 
1 J 1 f al él 
munition head a i utanan rtfo ire, eto 
2 4 pacify, 
. essure? Norcan I see why the farmer of the clays should be | within a few miles re its boundary fence. The terrible herent é 
i bid to do as the manufacturer does,—adapt his produce to the | that might be show: if a balance were struck of t the ah | fo ë 
market, and turn guano into Wheat as fast as the machine he Siaosi of best raii against the worst, is a su rene that | too short oblivion or enjoyment ne ’ Present Prices’ upon 
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has discovered and proved. The controversy which has made } farm as it: capital, are clinging on to holdings far beyond | the foe = yan or nag, or oth eekly 
this important discovery memorable, has had the singular fate of | their means, and to ystem h e i tion and eve: aman” dE tte “markets of 
outlasting its field-proof and practical adoption in this country, improvement, and every addition of capital to agriculture | page w. rings es h ind 
‘ Nitrogen for Wheat, and phosphates and sulphates for Turnips, | renders more untenable. The condition of the handloom | worl, to which not more the mind of 
received the stamp of successful practice, before the battle of | weavers after the introduction of the power loo obvions | Briti cok iA has ? I, at least, for 
has been brought to a close. But Chemistry has full} and sı in its ation and the nggle it presented, | one must ledge that in the steady and p 0 
Tight to its Retorts; and it wou! ungrateful to suppose that | was not n principle. I fear no hone ch å hich “ Practice with Science” has t 
debt to Professor Liebi ed or affected by the prac- | of the ition of English (agriculture could given which * wore rs 
tical disproof of his oppo! original announcement, | did not include. thi upon the background. It is the | the aspects of farming during the 15 years past, 
regarded as part of a grand research into the principles of manure, | result of an inflexible law which no philani pic most striking, th t } l n, 
attention and investigation to the point, and has thus | can avail to w It true that capital cannot be appl ae I to despair of * d 
benefit on agriculture, ‘‘ b ing with its paa ogres to aj ture beyond a certain li Mr. La “phat 7 gins 
cease, SU ” periments, too, of Mr. Thompson and shown by a simple table ane gene it to the eye tes TURE both practical and scientific (for even in its 
Professor Way, resulting in the discovery of a specific chemical inly as an equation, so far as of cereals is con- | literature these two must co-exist). Did I need 
Telation between «mmonia and the silicates of alumina, have | cerned; but the proof lies at a ats Meh, so far above the | token—a inci tii 
trei practical reliance on an affinity, the importance | ordinary sea! ing, that for the present questi as | fold of fi ae Par li. f 
of whieh, in the culture of clays, can hardly be ove d. Re- | though that limit did not exist. Every iption of improve- | fold character > g, as an t SUURED, 
| garding the atmosphere as t proved. siapabames of tole nent, ent thal ped f IER pio Aa Feri canonly be of use so | and t Commerce, and, let me add, an pe its 
i the ial food of cereal crops, and repeat sh | far as it tends to lower the cost uction. e for ge: 
: f the soil as the surest invitation to its absorp- | in that direction the profits of th o aar farm, of the un- | ys fth T 98) eran: _ felt „> ong g 3 
i tion, this subject has become the meeting i | 
i pri 
|, carried out as they have been to more accurate de for a while the arratia of this law, but in the long run i 
tion "by the pcre ng. personal success of | his modern anin be found that the market will not wait for, will not my 
and improver, whose “ word” is every year “in séason,” with | the exigencies of a high cost of production, The * 
