THE 
Brnnens, was imperfect. ust add that 
doing this, Mr. Deno af fall. justice to his lord- 
horpe 
, While | Buty with 
that, if you "Sigal water pouring into 
SES: URAL GAZETTE. 
Mr. 
{May 10, aos 
Pim, |n Underwood of eight or nine years’ growth is 
t which is Aajo, H a val i then 
E 
ERr contended, 
N di 
ip’s public spirit in rowing 1 wii id 
ida inspection =e discussion ; 
say that his opinion th 
estate was imperfect did not appear be be shared 
members of the Club 
produce middling hoops 13 feet | 
open for at 30 or 3 fee t dee ep, just nee it Soak oh Fo phage 
The stat vied the case as regards the rcial value 
that the ae of sag soil Vale iki en ae there eld z3 | of coppice w! od seems to be this : tinig tim mber of full 
ae d visited it. is r IMMER’S Opinion Ani Mr. Parres’ |? ya eee, ee ie 
ur native siete er can with much profit; as 
Mr, R p: 
eolo; ogy of his sub- system of as drains was genera 
thes ea 
be sold 
lly condemned by | | rexards the af va wood for fuel, z e be con- 
s, and it was vigorously defen de a by veying coals by land and w ater to eve en of the 
“The — E Jom | nsion 
amt i impervious st nig nd ji s hit at coppices unless where nothin g valuable will 
that distribution of em at various angles of inclina- | Farmers’ Club, pag the he ‘of y ‘ail; mal cet a re same remark applies piaia gene- 
tion, and over deria furrowed by valleys on whose an one poe by the Government inspe ge e on all | rally. ere wood fuel is wanted and therefore vala- 
sides they crop out—a knowledge of which is cer- | sorts soil eas extravagant. So that when | able. land under coppices 
tainly necessary to an e al determination ofa a ge dt eman, i X esas entitled him to say £0, and forests is of proportional estimation. aa ah 
the number, depth, and direction of the drains to e rose at the close of the discussion to express os Mh ih gp A 
laid n his references to the hydrau lies of his | opinion that common sense and experience are the | | i i be ng ere xB or pring A en ure, farm 
the tia land drainer, it | a eC arriques, sabots, and fue proving the 
= bject elm th cial pid fay. “resulting there from & careful 
rough a a medium saturated wit bw 
| was evident! y thought 
the several "pasties of whic! h „by their mutual | dem 
that he too was about t con-| Sonon, 
y thing under 
mn these extravagant proceedings, an nd it was | wood, 
the denomination of 
ent on 
ths of least resis 
their oon An who -= 
a ehatal a oe is sae’ is as aly ce aes apy ks | find thro 
filled | water ene to Tene 
ond a as if, instead o 
F | 
t that ld be astonished to | 
} 
+ | 
In calculating the relative advantages from E 
and retai ining 
under etal “Oak > trees 
ie experience, ip toes to an p h emmendn nig the Bosish land proprietor has to 
oa ple = erth e limited enoug sh, Mi iy us to corr roborate this | consider whether the frequent returns ash at short 
a sack a case, te ame f the, remark, a ust conclude with the opinion “dates are not more advantageous than “he CAAA 
gates Sis ket Sat Diss feet below ee surface, val the Marg the true poliey wil ultimately, and in the long ceeds from trees loft during a long period— 
low level’ remain und to end a so far uniform | which he may not live to enjoy, fins “which, sen at 
unaffected by the motion of the tien. pi me Sii ormi witht he uniform sup- RS | A Se 
There is no pressure upwards, forcing the se | pose vi water from n to the surface of | “equivalent ia that which, would have Sconenenem ty 
to boil up to the exit channel opened : there is | the la maya 
d during every eight, nine, or 
wn in terest, em 
ar 
(in 
of the soil). a little 
nucleus of moisture, a pico ots j pirated earth above 
level of the dra 
THE 
copsewood differ in some 
identically the sam 
ri 
y 
the ouds 
md so oti tifa = th depth (in con- | z twelve y years, fructifying at compou 
the u of plants beneath daddies kanes niii 
the exit om and causin ng each in turn of all the ‘the irta, of the land), as o fail in P Dg | park or demesne: will be left unfelled + nien to geatily 
portions ying above the level of this retry tolon the one hand that exc canine advocacy of the | rn natural ep) pepini taste the owner often i incurs 
€ e drop of zir from the clouds on Ke eytho: oan oo actice as a system which Mr. TRIMMER m uch pecuniary loss 
Sea a the earth does in fact sink at once, urged by | argues, and on the other that condemnation of the tS Many the pecuniary considera- 
its own weight and hte by the weight of |“ gidiron” plan o rainage in which everybody | feo apn s alone with regard at | l 
€ over it, until it reache əs an impervious bed : | last Mandi seemed willing to agree. The nature of the produce of a mh felling of 
this may be a bed of earth being | ae said of eight years’ growt ges in Berks—a 
below the igo ha of ~ drains or other means of exit, — county è rn tees s- to 15l = 
or it may be a bed of hardened ; ne ete of NOTES ON COPSE WOOD. aS ie By ies tp Dalle = main. wf 
English and beige we methods of tr and it! 
deta’ ni oe they a are | H fern for |  preoerving =d aiies poor and land 
, or very n ali 
ordinary farm 
E 
d 7 aig Ba ee 
by 
addit onal d 
by $ successive | faet ing 
under 
But in Mea ater ei on hs ol pe chs of 
and 
ape. 
of these impervious layers of pe that Mr. Bax 
te the existence | the most promising trees, so as to establish 7 forest of | pesa dells, coppice is not only ornamental, “bat 
KER | Such trees 8 as are mo ost congenial with the so 
vations, in 
vey “ed 
t fallad =a 
directed much of the attention 
ducing from an experience of their existence an |in Thisis the usual Briti sh practi also. In Germany and i E me nt the vai ot coer papery o 
d oom, er im ine ears 
argument for shallower drainage than what is now in England, where MA is a more frequent and | fabulous : ji are very fae removed, indeed, from the 
rally contended for, And it was here, we ; 
an a > general chamnsek In Canim 5 ‘san in a the | reality at the present day 
that he might have referred more fully than | §Sn: 
i J maana, or of ti ore after the} In ire the ome nary coppice consists of Ash, 
he did to the existence of that furrowed surface of | continental u ‘Oak, Birch, Alder, and Willows, In clay soils the Oak 
our clay fe contended for by Mr. Trimmer “Mr. _Monteath, | in m Forester’s saa aet fixes from predominates ; >in elly and stony, the Birch and 
=s ged P3 the are o use h o eriod which ought k: to:ințervene Ash; ; in bott-ms end arshy land z d mE 
estate at Keythorpe e A t li 1 Oak the bark is i the Birch ry mois 
t ion Ais of Pa ihe it his : eseare 2 adh then i in its prime, ep would have the first felling from | ground, ihough jt succeed oo in n dry coil and nr 
into surface in Norfol ur ire, and oppice e end of about 15 years : he | which latter peculiarity give patel value as under- 
led him to detec _ the ‘i o g young (not designed for The Alder, though former of little estimation, 
e a ti PRS d A A £ Y 
ence of a furrowed subsoil under t r) i arh year ilen planting sent |S and A generally planted aas the mere purpose of affording 
material over which the surface oTi is y 5 er to less hardy tre 2 rans Up so rapidly, and i pe ad 
is the mas on which what Mr. Trimmer oni rs several shoot, Paat tre À 
lB dn aon is b ap r a destructive influences of undermining currents, | that it 
w = w. te y pa ue, i 1 
E “gS satisfied to walk over your fields | | dee? or water wice tei: dent ae aa vey hig fide 
ba j al these furrow: 
ws in your subsoil, and of | an 
ir existence. ny 
course it needs pees faith in the Jeh ioa! when other ape agents have bee 
bar fl r, 
com 
in 
ah a msi pit hues however | foreign timber has be 
thou not s 
| er’s “purpo ses and various other uses, it answers 80 
| well as to be in ses uest. 
an important element in the calculations. But 
een duakented fot The 
dt 
natural or long established 
nt De 
the tan Berkshire is as follows = mai seg ember the 
bargain 
eye—and ongh we 
y 
| ceased The commercial SE of British Oak for 
g d for a long time have wie rtakes to cut and clear aw yay Hs pe of under- 
ood by a rie Ma ee natae paa me lements 
rk are 
many cases v arse of a mon drai 
in man crified by the ba 
on holes full of mint in its neig |, som: 2 of | | 
empties while 
which i 
penne to all ‘hat there is, a porous ia megarna 
ur 
see remain oe thas K 
the bazca s to which unde Ag can 
Hit ber With org 
be pae a upwards of every ste 
best, and j 
a cle 
m and from À ithou! 
demand from | jagging or loosening the bark from the portion of stool 
uick returns pa 
coopers, mo is sufficient | lefr, else the channel for conveying the sap from the 
| 
to in: 
; nine years’ 
e pee to the h lah ers ro | 
ever the felling be not delayed beyond the 25th Mareh, 
| there's ne Esile danger of i injury from this il tre a 
n Ke 
made Lth 
o tie merik ites | eipaily with a view 
to the profit derivable frem 
instance, Ae are gen erally cu tin, | bark, they § are 
Pie 
not felled until the end of April or com- 
, nor later than Te middle of July, 
ion, an ser 
orn hollows filled with gravel, sand, or | 
uff being the p 
other p 
question. (Gi 
i 
This conformation Mr. rages ee 
Orous interval in| prin eig 
year, mel eT in kor chalk soil 
hth of Hampshire for then rates will 1 yield. their oon most freely. 
he twelfth a. By the rage 
l mate 
period of REBLA an = is n the of “Oaks s, from the 
also has effects o on a the grow phe The ı | general rule that pacts cut when en the sap is most stag- 
Tholl thes A sufficient reason 
therefe 
A eo 
s= of e _wher e energetic 
| 
| 
not s a 
int artoan ng some jn a high a 
y with 3 whom: we this. wwe visited the moisture in the soil, besides 
and | will also influence the 
as at work, but the | SopS? wood, if is gell i 
n 
ent 
ce or presence of| for cutting all underwood Seea for and every 
i3 p PE qualities, | s that if they be not cut in 
growth of coppices. “| San and therefore before the rising of the sap they 
a remunerating price for will they be durable in euch 
nd open Jand. The abse 
When bes is 
hat they for O: 
wt course, zil bal Bee Spines are fit for 
a and Alder is a 
hss 
local pace: Bo, is pew at | 
and | 
The “the — by the purchaser cannot, like other 
vag Hazel, ws and Willows. 
kinds 
work, be executed to the disadvan nae of "= 
or 
? growth Al 
wail c zh s the cl i nk 
height for five lengths of a mopstick, and Hazel at the entire erop, of which the butt ends are the most valu- 
vi the st 
a 
this ¢ i ay Pilly seen os ie Tx is fit for barrel staves. Ash indeed may be) able, and the seller to have ocks nearly level with 
favour of the Ke ythorpe s system on Sibra e of | for Hop poles,sheep cribs, fed ctheee Sera pur, sand ns NS vacant: spaces, which is a 
hare Benissa, _ | also for those of the © cooper; it grows very freely aa is more chea pend expediten ¢ me se renewing jared 
__wve are unable to give more than a ppice of than. iegontng oe cannot be too low. Besides, 
reference to the subsequent diseuion, ue but it should give ` place to Birch in very poor soils, _ from repeated high pars the stocks might 
A). ORE Ne <tr 
a 
