E ee gs ee eee 
356 
THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. 
[May 24, 1856. 
too, and for that reason ‘proceed | to gi ive 
a of produce, | the effects are irremediable. _ 
r’s exposur 
Buyers are . Mr. Tomson particularly objects 
d 
think so 
condensed account of the Chopwell system as de-| able and willing eno ugh to detect the slightest t aihio with straw or reeds. 
scribed in the first part of the. first volume of the | damage ; sady nless herci is a very close competi- The last point to explain is the most Ein 
Transactions of the Scottish Arboricultural Society. | tion ni s purchase, it is certain Piyron E ienser all, na are: the cost at which the work can be 
We need not a Mr. Tuomgon in his descrip- | will bet a. to a reduc the pena rcs value of the produce. In 
tion of the mis e plight in which Chopwell | than raah Ebar e actual Paari o show ing th Tomson furnishes the particulars 
Woods bad been Brough by a long pce of neglect| After describing pa a tch and English modes of | of the operations of one year, in which he 
and mismanagement; for a full account of the curing, Mr, Tnomson thus describes his o —The | for sale rather more than 133 tons, the season bei 
Wei will be found in our volume for 1853, p. 419. | reader wit beter that instructions were to be| considered to be a good average He however 
e therefore proceed at once to the management | given to the labourers who prune ed „the trees to | begs the reader to m S mind iey unhealthy state 
in eon premising that wages are as | pre Soe Kash ber of fork Ii , called | of his igh ra of wages in n the 
follows :—Men, 2s. 6d. to 3s. a day; women, 1s. ; | clefts ; thess, when ached, are all da- at the | neighbou H 
boys and gli d. to 1s.; the first working nine | thick end, and driven into the ground along the pei et of felling ah because this item should he 
hours, the others only eight hours a da | margin of ‘the roa s, two abr east, at a about 18 inches | |c charged agains st the timber, for the trees may have to 
First of all, the most expert labourers proceed | apart, and from 6 other len 
with felling, keeping in a body, an oi gen 3 from | wise. Into the clefts of these a num ne of er pa or not 
tree to tree as s rapidly ¢ as possible | “under the lea ader- | (the smallest of ka trees) are horiz rizontally placed 33 tons KA Oak bark in the manner 
f each resting upon hallow, until the pa Sac ae coat i 
wg of an inferior ath, aid | whole presents the appearanc ouble row of ar Hiab ges pera en 2 
lower wages, follow, pruning the trees of on ithe paling ne of the sides of this stage should be 523} rs do. Bd 17 8 1 
branches, rendering them perfectly smooth and | made 2 or 3 inches higher than the other, so that if ae = eee oe be ass $ 
tt o the removal fro i y be impossible for any y A pte 
the | rainy weather sets in it 
ghs of all the branchlets which may be i 
consid orth pL 5; in doing which par- | bark; but in case should the lowest rail come shows Ag ari of inetd Pa 
ticular instructions are given to them to form as | nearer to the ground than 30 inches, so that the | 1, 2s: “103d. per 
many ¢ as possible (ee e ie whe: about 3% or 4| Grass which grows und ot ny - pense of above des 
eet long, 2 inches in diame d formed at one | rious effect upon the bark, and that a free current of | 10) “days of a lad coaling stages, at | ae per ate, o 10 8 
end like k), the use of which is ca sage air may at all times be secured beneath and amongst | ; ere ct mae anA N > bee 
curi: e bark; thus ubl of the | it. The bark is placed across these rail d sorted EA Ae i Sa 3 1 3 24 
work is ted at on aa e time, tm neatly sible, care being taken to see that a t7 m = rie 
soon as ae trees are pruned, they ar carried o sufficient number of large pieces is laid at the z ; lesa pea a 
the several roads which intersect ge woods, "hid bottom to prevent the smaller portions from falling £13 T 8 
neatly de by side, and handed over to those who | through, and the peskan pi of all are reserved | Or 2s. a ton 
are stripping. are are thus three classes to act as s; these should be neatly laid on,|  2#pense of 5 STACKING 183 tons of bark, including cartage:— 
urers preparing the trees for| with the side downwards, and tained in} 7) ais ee en crates pe ee ee ee 
stripping, namely. silem, pruners, and carriers (the | their position rai amp weather, but} 333 sh thy Sage 44 4 
last two may be alike in qualifications 1p wages). | in fine days they may be removed, which is an | 49% days of womans | 1s. » 2 
Some rec that trees should stripped | doubted advantage both to themselves and to tha | Or = k —* SRi 
where they are felled, alleging that, after they | w ch they are designed to protect. Having it thus | 1 do. do. i. ts 0 1 ki 
are peeled and allowed to inak until the stripping ps on the stages, little more is required to cure it, | 1004 do. dos Ode n 300 
season is ae they will | beco; e lighter, so ne xcept in e extremely we et se ee when it will have to | £29 91%} 
the e: of th will b yee it is at such times Ors g less than 4s. 6d. per ton 
a mere ti le. Mr. THomson, rier as tried bot as s these that the absolute n Sos a of careful Er H hat the whol incurred 
ys,is convinced that his own ae, $ nite ping is E% are its annee uoni If the sap |in stripping, “curing, and storing Oak ‘bark, na dis- 
ahis in in all respects ; inasmuch as trees are is good, an the work of stripping is neatly pr enl = country = e the highest rate o of wages in 
stripped where they are felled, a d, it will be found ‘iat the bark is st na off Bri is Hi om 0 laboure rers, amou to only 
porti bark be lost in its transmission to | all round the oe ee breakage, and in pieces of | 1 Mr. Boson adds, in 
the g stages; and the additional number of| not less than in wp pi in which case, it proo of the ctishctony manner in which the tat 
trees carried to the roads when dried will not com- | assumes its inal s shape 3 it egins to was ee pared, that n a single com sa 
-pensate for the bark lost oreotherwise destroyed. and b Sus Torget ike a tube, it becomes | made aiig its nea: and that Ai received 
The next process, itii: is 5 poen im- nearly a a Strip ppe ed as aboy e| rather than the a n rate meh v k 
d the constant attendance and | descri ibed, and lai 
arime a 
: plantation 
“ 
in charge. | to a 
Q Cale. 
moderate thi sta 
pressed, it bic be found ta 
little ill be e 
n the margin on nary se: Ina poatseript het ania states that his experience 
of the phy eves ieee: if possible, | very na Saaie from aderi | during the present year (1855) ade pea ys the 
‘be laid in from six to twelve, and to | but if = of the ophestoas are per- | foregoing re wer, Lepsilally-an as regards ex 
each of heaps two of the women d te | formed, it is probable that ye bene of taal? ere is on hand an estimated quantity of iis pr 
sent to strip. It will invariably be found the raat | quantity prepared may be m of bark, stripped , cured in 
PU tag bak i Jang ed two and two| Mr. a freee! x i cp ag o: be the usual manner, an rin excellent 
together, one may assist the other | under every ci e prefe: erable to housing, ee at an aggregate exp of 1667. 1s. 5d., 
in in lifting th the ends of the trees upon their horses, | On the day previous to o that on which the ba tki is to or 1l 8s. ` 2d. _per ton, while ile labourers wages coa- 
them aside when peeled. T stacked, nage re ti t the preceding 
enture to think that this statement merits the 
hace” aia oikat “pies f small trees 
branches about 43 oy Pn = dafonaliy a1 on 
abou rt at the bottom, 
is R at the “te, oe the clefts of 
rmitted to rest. 
rm and 
and raise i 
coe the aa: at one oe vey faci ay : apm 
for removing the bark This e by jc 
the use o of a < peeling-iro iron. me ibe g7. uA 
ya: 
it, and t was bish arou he pla “We: 
The potion: of the stokis is TE bn collecting a a attentive consideration of country 
d branches and rough that the bark season i s at hand. 
gentlemen, now 
Aaga in the vegetable world are more 
ing than the rapidity biros bigs tree that 
ing | | pro hue ces thousands of blosso red of f all, 
. je those ie not only 3 
reular, from and | ti 
sltoge ethe r similar - ome ef a corn-stack. 
ound high enough s build the 
possible, me alaare by ~*~ iron ; x a never 
sone torn aie y the hand, often 
by by careles labourers, a it i ‘thus 
4 f4 
ar beau of the stack, which should eae allowed gradually | ha ing with much in in the 
to swell in its proportions as it advances bog height, | ho n the maiten smeT for- 
ch | until it attains an extreme — oa from 15 to 17 a vigorous 
t is done. 
o 
k- 
m rows: s est degre damp when 
sacks, to throw ; all the vers "hich ma may fall upon | 
firmly consolidated into 
mass that it will ys iat aon a be DORA aiee 
= or rot. While pe 
a oon sd, conaide ag te rhe low price now 
for bark, it is om iit me Al “i as p boughs | 
en inch diameter at the small e Parron. 
HG 
be 
the man’s ot ing the erection of the stack, | 
A large 
pum: The ro ea P A 
ty drawn t Eetrsren io arp as possible. A | way, ent weather 
of these mensions will be found e onata | cone 
of timber bark, and from 12 to 
the eaves | on to the a cee 
pee therefore, must of necessity a given 
weeks 
depress 
3 İvi th in eni whic 
reliminaries being made, if the | tissues ceased to ee the chlorophyll lost s e 
from an average distance at tint and its separation eedful in order 
will lead in one | the healthy and vigo 
mensions. Itis important that each ould municate a fatal 
be completed o n the same uy in which it iti is begun which they are 
p rainy ‘weather ee set in, and spoil the bark. i 
A man is wanted to assist the carter in loading, aed the vital en 
two or 
labourers must 
‘until it is ‘built to the eaves 
Leos 
, | neatly. do 
a slates are ee is | of a aayi i, which 
entails an 
e wien ay en aed on this description 
least injury ry near sais hs: even though subjecti to’ forest and the diseased portion falls 
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