436 THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. [June 28, 1856. 
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Log Sep ne disease is strictly Perorangan The WITCHES’ BROOMS ON SILVER FIRS. VEGETABLE ON —No. CXXVII 
ighly nitrogenous ures has, we believe, | a wost ever k P : 505. Parasita (Phenog sea 
i y one w. es interest in the | 509. FARA (Phenogams. 2. False Parasites),— 
boaght on a delicacy of constitution which may elfare of young Fir plantations og a id ros e have hitherto spoken of Ptr Phee Š ny 
exhibit a greater or less extent according to cir- | to observ very beautiful little orange-coloured | Which derive their nourishment wholly, or in great 
cumstances in the seed of plants which have been | fungus with a spree of spores oo in a parei from the plants on which they grow. But there 
too highly fed. The other theory is certainly un- delien edouke ich yea ap- also a vast tribe o alse Parasites which live entirely 
tenable, ane we shall be obliged if we give up| pears on some inva of the Seoteh Fig, ait they 
the form have recourse to the supposition, | at nest th in many cases fail ve apa is the by t their sap, besides multitudes of m which merely 
without a particle of proo the tr by t besarte other 
in the oe ution of the atm osphere, as for instance | d rring in this | €} g organs, without throwing -= “ 
a comparative paucity of ozone, which has of late | country, but I believe I have now before me avery |a root.. T rae ean E Traveller 8 Joy is 
years oase plants to become diseased. Such of the Silver Fir whieh ‘will s ee eee ee ee 
as e in fact — n an reige eventually prove to have been caused by another ioe bis peor aparece Merged aa rey the 
r A over which 1¢ runs, as lf 1t were exclude from 
ness to confess our ignoran asily | EEn A wi i i 
made, and ne a of being deliberately argued, Tarin of gi "aine pa p ee g Pe peasy Brad Auden hips sai oe meld A 
unless we were in sition to compare the precise peo p luxuriant, the effect is in proportion disastrous. The 
discovered by Dr. Thomson on Abies Smithiana h 
condition o the aimosphere at the present « day witli a aa alarm of Psi feet amongst thé northern | OCE trunk may be overrun with hundreds of = 
that s five-and-tw; or fifty year: Himalayas, that the ToS Fir in the Vos es mountains alse parasites which in their igh ne infested w 
ge 
pro y eek Suee eue ot Aek (Nov. 0, 1855,) | and in some parts of any was subj at othe: = till the whole forms an inextricable ‘aan or 
requires and deserves an especial notice. He has which totally alters the “character of ‘the tree. This, sem A l tre byi y ita weight. It 
t confused the different diseases, and his remarks | fungus is Æcidium elatinum, oa Ri climbers, 
Ae Cueninber ive arising from improper | #2 different portions of e, branches bunche as for a Cassia quinq squangulata, Rich.,* that 
soil deserve attention. These, however, have | duous shoots which are n Germany under the A z is Sees ee e 
alvéad been i bre at m r answere d, and his name of Hexen-Besen, pg in 7 Praos under that of | ri re: Lapel pings er ws r na = aes over neigh- 
a ace Paneurs de Sotré (Balais des Sorciers), names equi- | eae cae a iik me tare of = mene pe In 
the evil, is pa a so far, of its tendency t o 3 altogether “differen t from t it is in the form 
ge enerate disease. The absence ‘of lime in the soil, : wa |i insomuch eri ` — might ra Seppo not merely a 
except in the form of magnesian lime, would be worth Le Z- | belong to species, but to different e nadia] 
more consideration if the disease were not equally y | oe orders the 
virulent in districts where every pan of water is so rule | eae ci d to h t a f when 
impregnated with carbonate of lime as to leave on A [ttis ener fe ne a strong degree of compression 
drying a white spot u the leaves. Iron ; 
£ pikki ars i = in the soil, and PA J | 506. Those plants however which most fatally 
SOA de: Medany; that ite. presence is not INL P cuprea daa TUNE re oe 
of much valu je a8 regards the ca His strongest A a A) Ponca spiral. Where the Sannar ann 
point is his fraia me that he has raised plants \ ; as | the death of the el fie e stem, but where the 
Ti ; ae $ d seed TETE ne various tZ y growth is pe slower than that ix, 
quarters wi any security. ec our- after the eli e all the distension of whi 
selves confirm his report as far as French — ; gr the spiral it forms is capable, the wood between the 
Belgian seed 0, but forcing manures have bee whorls begins to s d at last 3 
d fectly close: se it g 
and it l known that the strongest a ai 4G curious spiral stems which are eagerly sought for by 
paneer is Arsen Danii in a liqui id state in A i a aap- a: p = a 
ai estroyed, which sometimes 
Dn — whence also he ces same ee sates it is J, (4B happens, t the growth is effectually checked, and vigorous 
very difficult to “conceive how Cu ribose | f | aes 
should in general have deteriorated, which according s plant however merel 
yeti cere ving on y roots; : th 
nourishment is derive rom L 
to Pg x t gen ee rer ied er oer undren ot r a roo 
tainted quarter would fare, if sty RA with that of Witches’ Brooms. Itis also called sot me tich are S mn whic is “i S entangled 
| reme loam, a from ni shee ‘to pits fi oa peers ert pe of hates by Sir re. 5 arasit Some of th 
Ge A il, whale ire sath as as. alleviatio ation of Tak is, I believ ve, a true SRE ofa ne Broom, le prefer such situations, thou; h “they by no mems 
e evl i ver cause, deserve the atten wal tho ugh I have not s n the angus. is no e on moisture derived from the air, because they have 
of all cultivators :—1. Not to allow the plants ick , Jos ske en neh = xposure to light which suits their 
bas bo Sit ` hal use the soil in whiti they grow is 
he. slightest rato symptom s and above 3. To The diseased part, Shoot terminating a branch, does thot iy arated Os gh aha go nat den na 
ath Bal Ov ain bud, as the š A 
to confine the roo Kien omaa ST a aoai e of s eae aon the ge These 
to penetrate into "the manure ieta at the same | of branches i yaman a A oril mat vided, wring | i) ihe se tad of. 6 k sult oe, Rey i ger d 
time procuring that sort of loam wA is most con- | from a PEN, ed slini , resemblin somewhat the same end of overwhelming the plani 
p 8 z : 8 E Supports s them 
genial to the plant. The latter point is of immense | swelling caused by Afyzodendron, but not like that con- 
importance. PThe old gardeners were especially | sisting of t . Beside these however there are many plants, as 
ful th l, and we are sure that a little These branches lose their leaves every yea m Fi icus stipularis, &c., which throw out or 
more caution in this respect would in great measure | enp pon Sess pate peter W badae hien, At s T Pete Shore ee eigen cage by 
è : Asp: eee arly det z 
prota bate Pad pee is still, save seed Sat parasitic e gi aaa e lon | dilating at the base like suckers where they cannot 
e healthiest plants, and in a year or two we HA upon the meth which are about o third € of a an penetrate, but which if occasion offers, enter into it, and 
confident that every one who takes that course and yeh jong, and of a very different <ia f administer nourishment. Such roots however never 
a 3 E T re from the | 
avoids forcing manures will have a more healthy eee l The bark on 1 the gouty knob b from | | imbibe rom t to — te! ding} p» 
S his hbours. which the fascicle springs five times as pr deed is in the 
In addition to the diseases which unaff foren part, and rather pir of inorganic fluid, and whatever matters 
t 
c aie ivocal | solution. These ‘plan ants, like other false alas 
ows u v 
ucumber, we have to call attention to one mequi signs | are e been entio e by 
th i er 
which seems to have been but little noticed by aio 5 e = form ot dark _- y ‘ered | hing eof grow are 
writers. Whether, however, it is a disi is- i ame rare whe ms 
: ip i | th tc É the lant h But been 
, or simply a symptom of a pea d condition | i itself, but i do not ‘penetrate into its substance. These on ote eae are, of growth of 
mits of question. However this ma) any ae taken possession of by Acari and the the false parasite is inferior to that of the supporter, 
be, the matter is well worth consideration. woolly Aphis, v which may cae pre acing the affec- merece is one of some 
The affection consists in a strong hypertrophy of | tion but do not cause The tissues of the knob are | edn as the beaut uty of trees is often greatly 
hich i Fierkel by the accession of plants like Ivy. Now 
the peduncle, in consequence of which, as in an jae irregular than rma and show admirably the 
ex: ra i J cwilt not trace ther re can be no ETR whatever about ‘their ir being 
3 inc hes or more, while f ertilization n ver takes | the slightest appearance of mycelium on gh rag eit mane 
pia t duall the sipa re not. dec t rootlets. It is not however 50 
fails. seems pirea to be connected with the duous, but their form and size ie pa Er vt they esti? bebly, bene oat fal in ay re ae 
of rich man curious the silve ng eath i effect is prol neficial as ey 
form assumed a by te S a ea Murrain, a notion | Seareely visible. ‘Though the | ased part b b facility with which the 
which is supported by the fact that the base of the pas nae | bark is Sare = off Paa a ate = nar one hich 
Cucumber in disease is so often nourished to mee Sco per imi ey all. is chill fen N th East prot B vie a tions =~ 
excess while the t fails. It is desirable| 1 have te promise of further thee a Slenplote 2 iray 
$ PRECE par ze r urse of a few weeks. Meanwhile T one ‘this of or- for wp a Complete network over.the trunk; and ein 
a be ere the paano < pet gage ge of large | ty tay of giving a much reduced figure of the isopor | pa of which it is composed increase in the thickest 
on the subject, as also of the| appearan aa e network loses in roger a powers 
com, nivel pe ihe erp on of lants which rare and the trunk consequence strong! 
Se as ra Sheik ata ace | zones ot t this affection foes other quarters In TAF ies pressed, PEARS ei of oe im some 
tation. it would he int teresting, moreover, red brown tint and bushy habit. Some trees are so| gueto PR enon elec that the ney 
aay e result o ae ing Cucumbers in g infested g : mstan : 
maiden loam without any mixture in of kne struggle for existence. T e figure re ardit 2 isnotto beallowed a place on forest treesitshon is e 
>, posh in solid or asi 1 a It a ents a specimen men, from the ogony base of Tiit a a Sonoya * se a Eehed, tie my due to the 
er, obvious that such experiments must be slice to show the dark patches in the | sudden renoral of the warm screen upon the tronk 
with pas care, an res napina bark, M. J. r ES may mo: counterbalance the mischief of compre 
time to time l eee Ps ot rel talne. lf 
conducted, they o throw are published by Mongeot = sion. Af. on M.J. Be 
* Specimens Aes elatinum 
Nestler, No. 255; out t is figured by Albertini and Schweini 
much light prc oa ag M. 7 B. Consp. Fung, t. 5, * See Cruger Bot. Zeit., 1851, p. 469. 
