Jury 5, 1856.] : THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. 453 
Sa tie borer in Mauritius is only 0 
Dut the disease is no less the consequence of the fungus, ; points connected laterally by a pink band, and the] the Lar invasion of the borer in Mauritius is only a 
than the silkworm murrain is the consequence of tt dered with », which even if left in the hands of Nature 
growth of spores simply dusted on the caterpillar. In ferruginous and with slender black radii and inal | } t 
the sam! di i duced directly by a hos ae black dots | Seton taik BERNAR OERS A case precisely similar 
fungi upon tissues perfectly ae belore they ca The fol! ollowing i is a summary of the Suggestions which, | to the present a been communicated to us by the 
in eo p asite. It is indeed | at the request of Dr. Uleogq, a large Sugar lebrated Indian botanist, Dr. Wight, who was for 
curious, with such plain and gamer occ facts before the island, a Sri rape d to the committee | some years: suaptia by the East Company in 
| us, that there should be a disposition anywhere to deny | appointed to report upon the me ve superintending the Janta‘ t Coimbatore in 
the possibility of moulds growing on perfectly health The peed Fistor of the | g! n the ped following the introduction 
Í tissue, an cone sea of ed being the cause of poi nts, of g eng bo x connie The oe. didicalty of | of the plants from the United yrei were attacked 
f various diseases to which the animal or bl ld fre in! its natural state and posi-| by an insect, and not less than of them 
i is subject. tion. The fact vai ae larva being an internal were killed ; since that period, Peira, with the excep- 
1 If, however, there were room for doubt, y he applic tion of a siray individual or two, the insect has not 
i pretext for disbelief is done away b y the fact that h i 
chemical substances inimical to the growth of fungi are SUE amin insects, &e., either by syringing the unt Re: presume the insect now infesting the canes in the 
applied, and the mould in consequence dies, the disease | with an offensive liquid, such as cco water, | Mauritius i is ee sro yes wat borer of the West Indian 
of the plant is arrested, though it is plain that if the | infusion of quassia, and the Tike, or as y seribed — Rey. 
isense was in the first instance independent of the|the fumes of sulphur or tobacco; in like mer Guilding, in y the Tra Ans. E sings Arts, xlvi » 143, under 
parasite, its removal could not improve the previous | — go oy the insect by the i hari 
condition. absorption by the t of liquids which would Srl ceived the go! oud aoe — f the Soci, which, ce 
513 . Iti is to | be hoped, gene after all that has been the i nsect _ Without Fact the plant ci qually | ever, anon to m lentical with the Phalena 
Lv ungi, and of the i and hence I must con self as saccharalis of Fabricius, "Eat. Syst. IIL, os, p. < 238. 
ways cose which exist in the same species, seeptical as to the alleged benefits arising fi 
that the fact will now be recognised that fangi are | one por ortion of pentasul phi hide of calcium to 30 of water | exempt from orl dreaded pes' lly od 
capable of c g We , the larvæ Bont into the stem 
bit: he species, We may n Aei The continuous production of the | in the came thaniner as the borer of the Mauritius. 
attribute disease to the presence of soe where the I hout th = The accompanying wood-cut represents part of the 
fungi are merely a puted renders any attempts |s stem of a cane with two burrows of the borer, also the 
but with proper pains ; and a pompat p ttached 
l h shall not oy into | state almost A paler _ The any suggestion which I 1| to th P.S. Since the above 
| such mistakes, We are not to ib pcee in ev was ‘written I Ste vate info rmed by an intelligent 
l t that they are chargea! able: itt oths appears in the spring, | Jamaica cane grower t at the borer was very destruc- 
: the evil, though ‘the may possibly aggravate it when | and that abe the week: in which they — appear tive in that island about 15 years since, and that 
l present. Fr uit, for instance, when perfectly ripe, i ravages we atly checked by the refuse being 
ready to undergo another series of phenomena which | the canefields, in order to attract and burn. the newly | allowed “to accumulate upon the grounds, being 
end in complete chemical gepem, The evil may Peara moths. This ney Boyaja oe has been | then de the to windward which soon cleared the 
however be suspended for a time, but bein etree found of very g great advantage in Fra hes roots subsequently throwing up more 
external injury admits the ee or g J. 0. W. 
] common moulds ; nit germinate beneficial by all the cane ito pe he it Per a ee 
of the cells they traverse, and finaly the Mole i = EXAMPLE OF BOTANY IN VILLAGE 
reduced to a y pyorron with The burning of the worst infested canes, as well a EDUCA’ TION. 
mucedinous matter. - In this | sense Dr. Hassall is every | particle ¢ of the tops, leaves, pid straw which In reply to your proposal k t shown 
erfect iu, } and do not pass through the ply to your pran -: ra 
| mould merely took f th blish | mill pocnsinalae f all | You By “Bs jou af perfectly welcome todo eo, a 
| Id merely too occasion, of the injury to estal ip mill, appears to me to be the mosi a tago o allow me to preface their insertion in the Gardeners’ 
| Sehi ef. Chronicle by stati y in whi 
xe = If you think it likely to be of use, I will send 
514. There are abundant cases in which it is necessary Gates few notices: 6 the plan on which I 
that the cultivator should be able to, distinguish y 8 * i 
proceeded. The ve acquired since t 
accuratel youa notice on this subject, some four or five years ago, 
arising from the presence , of parasitic fungi. _In the f that systematic botany might 
l pae il, whic be conveniently adopted for educational (as 
e can only palliate evil, w pe ea Any i nas meade distinguished from merely instructional) with the 
| have gone so far as not to aiit BE SNTI children of country parish: it has been taught 
515. Having once established the fact that diseases as merely after-school work, restricted to vol 
ao. arise from fungi, ri the ns given at uncertain intervals, and without 
l a pre ntive of anticipated e have no hesitation in saying the results have 
| or a cure ¢ of evil | already Tora The aa } been decidedly be i servant faculties have 
| be y inapplica! : i is. 
l in the other. It is probable that the spores of a tell pepee genene Danvers res sine nro 
| would not be destroyed by crude sulphur, and it wo a little more syste matized, as I hope to see it, and 
aaas the reme dy might be as bad as the d isease. nates i and yrn nee nd ree MT ae 
It will ba necessary therefore in practice to remember adjun net to whatever means may be employed for 
this distinction. M. J. B. ur agricultural 
aae. ae intellectual character of o 
popul 
It ree in order to give “ B.” an idea of what some of 
E N Na SE P np oGy. the plans which have been hitherto suggested for the} our village school children know about the. wild flowers 
destruction of the ins of this. district, that I prepared two 
Tue island of pacer is at the present time afflicted _ The treatment of the cuttings made for fresh 1 plante- (No.1), and carried some specimens pe Pein rivale” to 
with one oft those vis sitatio = ch from time to time the school. Whilst the rest of my little friends used 
occur f the aga n which myriads ‘ie parent a teaches it to deposit its eggs on „the their slates, the observations of the two most 
ni Ee ia insects ri ieser but very rarely | young and ten were inserted b lves on the blank schedules, 
are produced, destroying tho’ crops of the | those which are è Belented for these cuttings. The immer- | and there was not a single fault in their spelling. They 
as to spread desolation and sion of these can t 120° | were then asked a few questions, which had also been 
ere 
alarm among the inhabit tants. It appears from the | to 125° Fadireuhett’ She eby Fike borer is destroyed, is a | previously prepared, and their replies were noted down 
report of a committee appointed to investigate the | process which, although in skilful hands it may prove : : be 
i | verbatim. had imens of “ Geranium 
spis ect during the course of last year, that with the | effectual, is vaty liable to be attended with dangerous | paicum” eve teal ten pect old top zi pyre- 
the Saas kinds of Sugar-canes | effects in peg l, and it has suggested itself to my | 2) for th Ives, and fill it up. P 
(No. 2) for themselves, p: 
por on the island, a cargo h or been imp ported from mind that s the borg a is m e hed in nine days|* To show their replies more distin whatever is 
ies pr ae uld be very ac advan- | here given in italics was either written die “the rie 
& D duced which i — hal it of tageous if the p p poken (i 
e ste ar of boring into tl fe of the Sugar. - l } ra be F god eE pe Spor nae 
canes, received the common name of the “ Cane fe Ai ith , one of whom was 14, an we years ‘ 
ween heal and ‘which is the offspring of a moth belonging | t} Pies ae migl This s Told. unquesti tionably HEDULE No. 1 FILLED UP BY H. S. 
the section 'l'ortrices of Latreille and genus Procerus | ill on as hate! and Number| Modification, | From Adhesion, 
of ip and which is specifically named P. cae on sya = eS ‘toad aian 3 wn "Replace nd to kiok hits present.} from Cohesion. Insertion. 
phagus in the report of the Committee before us,| plan, using a considerable quantity of bruised Laurel | cay i i Jas cvil Eafertor 
published i in the early part of the pikes ye ar. leaves for the purpose of evolving the et of Bm Conte “palais 5 Pentapetalous ..| Perigynous 
f th | prussic acid. It may a also be suggest sted that if the tame: fdc ee ..| Perigynous 
cane, and the young caterpillars are found on the laid 4 | Pistils, carpele| on | Poignant + Superior 
:—Dicotyledons. vision :—Angiospermous. Section :— 
healthy canes at the axils of the -e They, A hs with water, the destruction of the insect would to a Osiyotfion ay ee ie eileen. Species 
ever, soon eat the leaves from the ender — o be e | great extent be effected, and Wet hex see i agape this genus in Hitcham?— C 
heart of the plant, destroying e cane in b uch vast n errn Avens. 
SOMAN. by forming burrows in the ste fille a with after the introduction of the plants from Marks assigned x 8. a. + vars +16 ee 
yena + i J. 8. H—You have mark by 
and which shortly have the effect z — different locality i z to a different mode of trea’ * Pre Soe 2 ee ae aii pent hen —— 
nt, suc ch a As growi oe plants in a drier soil, w! ih hava mi A bat perhaps it is better to as boen oon 
take place, and the cane ie| o ot of giving & greate r energy to outer sepals in the light of bracts, and then en the outer calyx must 
ceases H d it: f devel t of the i be called a small involi E 
hic! ded ScHEDUL No.1 WAS ALSO FILLED UP BY z 
ze (when it measures | 12 or ot lines long), it leaves Bh. he repent = a a E Oe r re eee 
diei At jon the sudden and periodical hadeg n Aa eae ven Dare mark from not observing the 
hick species o of insects in vast numbers lead me to ieda that ter sepals, And you have further lost two marks from 
15 pim which with 9 eee n | +7 cannot, however, but think that if a very careful examina, | 8% Saying the ealyx is pentasepalous, wi whereas the sepals distinctly 
. the o egg, 31 in the caterpillar, and 4or 5i in the perfect he nde from day to day with “intelligence” | cohere, and therefore the ate is to be described (as H. S. has 
oan for vir n of the canes oe” thee tw wre nice o ‘essential elements a this doae) (Cage a sig ee that M. B. has correctly noticed 
i imilar investigations), a careful planter m: t make e 
ha ree ithe Species, 80 that in in the course of a a year asin its seas In. getting rid uA the ROPA A by karai the POTEET See 
> appear to be c tive) there are five | Fxils of the leaves for the eggs and young larvæ, by cutting out | J. 8. H.— Ishall now ask you a few questions respecting this 
r six generations. The caterpillar „has the head those young larve which have only just penetrated into the | Water Avens. You know (I see) that it Telogo Reena ee 
covered with a black plate, tl th | cane, and by ou cutting down and burning the canes worst infested. that Rosanths are Dicotyledons : ineanppice yon hada 
colon: ira A mostin tructive cese < am, — m of such a process of | this plant to belong to Bonmiha © what would have decided your 
a paler red plate, and the body is furnished intelli e oe perseveran a large greenhouse from | placing it among ae ; 
number of short black hairs arising from Saal! black scale nsects has werance Ty jenorded in the Gard: Cheon. Ohild.—Veins of leaves ireachd; apain and jel We flare 
