ee ee ee ee ere 
Jury 26, 1856.] THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. ; 501 
MEASUREMENT, AGE, &c., OF TREES, a E TO SCOTLAND. 
BY GARDEN RU 
n the year 1836 I measured the height, (abo an epre, of the branches of a few om Ai trees ing in th k of Blair-D r Stirling, the property 
ny Home Drummond, Esq., the partic which are ne bo the following apg together with a statement o ir age, as near as co uld b e€ asce ertained, 
iri exposure, &e. This s year, 1856, n ow 20. years subsequen o the fe, me date, I have again raga the girth at oe most of 
ing, 
e girth of their boles at 2 feet, and at 3 feet 6 inches from the ground. To my p 
measurements I have not added the hei ight or the trees, the le ength of their boles, nor the spread of their branches, as I have no BEY the height of ring trees ond ae 
spread of their branches are in some measure in pe oo to the focrenns of the girth of their boles. My measurements in 1836 were taken for “ Loudon’s Arboretum 
itannicum,” in which work they “ Gardeners’ Magazine.” 
| 3 2 à p-je 2 g = 
| so.]/2.| 22 |8 #(88 lz les Jès lsecled_ 
g)  Namescomangto | 4 / 3g) 3 2 aiian p afi ginig 
3 | 332 | oc Bal Ses (sacs 2 Nature of the Natureof | Whether | <$ |37=|872\2=5 236 
E] Pad SA S s zS blti Ž| Exposure. $2 FERREE rey io 
Z | 5 : m ZRS HTS ee Soe E-tal the subsoil. | wetordry.| Se |S 825 Salsa oes 
p oaa | L25 w 2 S50 |3He SS] an |SESigbecleStiae 
| J wos | oF =% 2 So |~ Malo] 5 |S MES WsloPsgizeog 
qa «a o = S = |o ta | a rgd es BREESE 
| | = AR a eg ko g *| ES [ES |igEj gE 
| ECAR 5 See f= 
Eae lan EISE EEN LE eines i 
f preps oe Ae ee r 120 86 20 0 14 0| 12 8 30 [North-east Sandy loam Cold till Rather wet 140 |15 8 |14 4/1 8 | 18 
ie ovat PLY TT 13 0 Is ofl a E pres sandy loam gh gravel |Dry 140. /13 11: |11 Sit 8)1 4 
3 ~e pE ter > 1) 77 18 0 12 4/10 6 | andy loam | Rough gravel 140 |15 5/12 2/8 1)1 8 
4 Beech (Fagus orca Dieta. P p ae 9 6 TAAL 10 | pra S N., and E. FRE A loam Rough gravel Dry 140 19-6 3}/2 3/2 2 
D| s tig, > Weel TEN 90 20 0 13 10 | 13 4 0 |Ne arly free Sandy loam Rough gravel |Dry 140 |16 6 |14 6|2 8|1 2 
6 n os 120 70 41-0 14 9|13 6 Free Sandy loam Rough gravel |Dry 140 |18 5/15 8/3 8/2 2 
ipa Between other 2 16 9 
|. 120 9 0 15 6/13 5 84 shi SE Nad ag [Sandy loam Rough gravel |Dry 140 14 9/1 3/1 4 
ith |8 4 
Purple Beech (F. syl. atro-rubens)...| 50 to 60| 5 6 0 62 andy 1o am Cold till Damp 70 to 80, 9|11 
‘Larch (Larix a tow ial ROO} 4 10 aa 20 Spelt red all ro y loam Cold till Moist 120 | 9/0 
| » sah 100 9 as 20 Sheltered all round| Sand a loa = {Gout till | Moist 120 1 8/0 
so, ae 9 £8 11 20 |Sheltered all round|Sandy lo: Cold till Moist 120 |1 8/0 
‘Sycamore (Acer™ Peondo-platanus) TE Ried + 6 0 1 1 72 me [Light rea! Nate Rough gravel |Dry 140 l1 1 5/1 
DE 5 10 0 1 Fre |Light free loam | Rough gravel |D. 140 11 1 2/1 
Elm (vim: pestr Lepr ai 60 10 0 50 Soaik aspect Sandy loa) el 80 it 1 219 
» (Ulm outan ma) ase ree F 7 11 0 48 | South-east aspect ie loam Gravel Dry 140 |1 1 9/31 
‘Ash (Erasinas HEN e E A 8 18 0 1 10 56 |Free t loam |Gravel Dry 140 1 1 1) 21 
gers (Pinus sgh tes s) PA Gal a & 35 0 1 20 | Free aa Sy loam Gravel Dry 140 1 110 
oes 120 T 20 0 40 |Free ea loam (Gravel Dry 140 1 1 TES 
ds saadi = 420. 7 20 0 1 1 50 |South-west Sandy loam Gravel Dry 140 1114 |l Sy 14 
Lime (Tilia rubra) wee sae ae 120 6 10 0 1 -48 |Free Clay loam Gravel Wet 140 1 1 CAE] 
| ae 2] eT e 9 0 1 4 | Free [Clay Gravel Wet 140 1 1 5|1 
Silver Fir (Abies picea) f & i 36 | NEsaspect |Brown clay ners Pape andstone | Damp 120 11 8 {101 10 | 2 
bas 9 ” on { About Js | = 36 spect à [Brown clay loam Red sanketene |Damp 120 11 2 jl 211) 2 
” ” ase 100 Ea £ 30 aspect Brown gay Taag) (Red sandstone pamp 120 10 2| a. BA 2 
” ” ae l 75) 2 1 1 45 |South aspect Sandy lo [Gravel Dry 120 13 11 |i A AGA 
> Weymouth Pine ‘(Pinus noo at 22 37 es 12 | Sheltered Dead san small gravel |Dry 42 2 | 1 311) 31 
Anpe (Populus tremula?) ... | 60 | 108 S 1 51 |SW. aspect, low ly.| Peat and sail Sandy Wet 80 S 1 29/2 2 
aa N: 95 50 0 50 |Low lving, free piten Gravel Wet s 2 1 5|2 
Nofway Spruce (Abies oem). 120 95 tapers to 20 [South L. ghtsandyloam|Cold till Damp Broken by winds. Measurements lost, 
) | 70 top and 45 |Shħeltered Stia Wet 70 to 80 2/811 2|0 7 
| ” ” 50 to 60 branched to 35 | Sheltered andy peat Sand Wet 4 o;9 4 6/2 
Bh. Renee ” 67} | the ground. 45 | Sheltei Sandy pea and Wet 11/9 5 5) 1 
te Birch (Betul: te 100 67 0 48 |North aspect y loam Cold till Damp 120 9/8 8 6/0 
{ 60 to 70 hy 12 0 1 55 | Low and sheltered y peat Sandy Damp 80 to 90 5 }10 1 3/0 
70 16 10 1 60 | Low and sheltered | Sandy pe ndy P 5j 8 TESI 
3 Spanish Ce 50 to 60 ‘2 12 0 10 30 |North Fine sandy loam Sand 70 to 80 PAB ok 71/23 
14 0 50 | Nort Fine sandy loam|Sand Dry 5 11 |711 BiR 
88 | Holly (I ix quifolia) ate ae 35 6 0 1 | 45 |Sandy loam Gravel 140 816 7 10 | 0 | 
39* EA Durani regia) oy ? 70 6 0 1 1 45 |Eree Rich alluvial Clay a ? 6 |12 2 6/0 
40 | Scotch Fir (Pinus sylvestris) ? 75 50 0 45 |Free Rich alluvial Clay ? 4/9 7 7\0 
41 | Sycamore (Acer pseudo-platanus)... Riz |: O 24 0 1 1 36 | Free Free loa Red sandstone | Dry d 6 |12 6 6{0 
42 |As area ak excelsior) f 68 20 0 1 1 | 36 | Free Free loam Red sandstone | Dry F 2/12 5 6/90 9$ 
43 rc bite | 83 20 0 3 1 | |Free |Free loam Red sandstone D ? | 0 |12 10 0/01 
| 
The number of at given in my table published in| and 52, ‘with a good number of others growing in| affinity, ger rok this same transformation takes place in 
Lou si “ Gardener’ aie e” is 58, pues 3 the | sandy peat i in a low moist mn hermis the house and | the Hop mildew, as noticed at a still earlier oe by 
above table, I have reduc , on account of a| the gar aah are greatly admired by a who hay ave any Dr. Play, it is more than probable that both be- 
number ‘of these trees ‘bei g overturned oon geo taste for trees. ‘The y d The Vine mildew has not yet 
ways destroyed by the winds, &c., between the dates of bis mia gee branches ing on ae contig all | been seen to put forth that fruit which is normal in the 
my two measurements. The Beech, No. 4, was also| round. A number of these foes naturally struck roots, Pees of the Hop. 
rooted out by the wind last winter, but was carefully ar formed fine trees gna the mother r plant, a circum- 530. As every species of Erysiphe in an infant state 
measured since. It lost a very large limb a number of | stance which Loudon , he had “ to | is Oidium, 3 and the - supposed species of that genus nein 
years ago, sete to which time had a most | take place with the ‘bla ae “American Spruce in _mossy ith g whil 
Laplangiee Se: ead 5 but no otwithstan ding this curta il- soil, b t oso with the N Norwey diffe ies of £ Erysiphe may commence with 
ment, till he saw a in Binin. Drummond.” One o 
the extremity of the branches nearly 300 feet. The | these Spruces produced 5 ieee from natural layers, all mildew of the Vine is referrible to some old RSS poA or 
Larches, Nos. 9, 10, and 11, with Sink two that grow | as high as the oe plant. By tl 
n tha m, were sent from Dunkeld, about 120 years | t summer the PRS r’ plant gave wale dandy All th: 
ago by the Tate Duke of Atholl, who received iha first ae children are still standing, f ming a | that vine were not secre to suffer till ihe E ia shore 
Larches introduced into Scotland in 1727. The | beautiful group. These beautiful trees in this Alh described ; that the disease soon crossed the te 
ies the Duke were planted among otl and made its s appearance in the northern vineyard: 
trees in the grove here, er Tare Lemi m : great | by any others of the same age for pny pr France ; Jigs it spread from the rig Rs ucleus to the 
height; but from former auty d g ion paid to tl south, passing however far more rapid] 
during the last 30 years t on reg to "thelr girths by the proprietor in the way of “thinning and pre- ri a warmer countries 
above 4} inches in each of ‘thew t ten years, them from injury, and on this account, no t the United States with im por rted Vines, though the 
of the Beeches, Oaks, Elms, &c., have added above 1 animal but sheep is admitted to the pasture, so that prim Vitis Labrusca, from which all the American 
foot. The growth of these Larches. pior, is not each kind of tree is allo we ed to hae a oo Vines of better quality have sprung, hether in their 
y a criterion, for much de; epends on soil a of gro to extend | own or in foreign countries are uniformly exempt. 
situation. Among a group of Larches more the ground.” From a Wo rth British| 53 ines were attacked in Switzerland some years 
planted in an open situation, at a little distance from pe ee since by a white mildew, the spores of which were so 
the above, I measured 2, one of which ties a at 2 feet abundant that the coats of those who passed through 
above the ground 13 feet 10 inches; and at 3feet6| VEGETABLE PATHOLOGY. —No. CXXXI.__| the Vineyards were as white as if they had been in a 
inches—11 feet 8 inches; and the other 11 feet 3| 528. PaRasirz (Grape and: Atop Tride). —Though | four mill.” _This fungus, too, consisted of necklaces of 
inches, at 2 feet from the ground, and = 3 a 6 | pe rhaps as many pam phlets spores, but judsing from the figures and description, 
nches—10 feet 6 inches. Larches ted poe ep a year o before | Which represent it > brandi it appears m pare 
garom 70 and 80 zo BBO, m measure 10 feet’ 5 pare its first recorded appearance ete "pba pubis been different from t re modern paene ould 
6 inches, 9 fee! and 9 feet 8 inches, at | tha’ : other, kindred pest which attacked ihe Potato, it turn out that the Va “mildew is ge modi- 
tos above the pede tek Si 3 feet 6 inches—9 | the e has ot been pra a persev eri wesc opposition to the fication of some common form, we must look for the 
eet 3 inches, 3 feet, 9 feet, and 8 feet 10 inches. A | expla t f the parasite to climatic con- 
Silver Fir of the same age, in the same sort of soil and Pi ih jra pe pal the attack of a parasitic p ensa ditions, which, 0 close agate eg +S ae ss 
situation, measures, at two feet above the ground, 10| At the present moment there is scarcely a person of remarkable as those whieh mahela 20 the cholera on 
feet 9 inches, and at 3 feet 6 inches—10 feet, “A | any weight who refers the Vin e mildew to any other | its first appearance in gland. 
Larch cut in 1839 measured at above a foot above th hough à notices, alleging the most| „532. The more exposed the oe are to prevalent 
ground free = the swell of the oreka 9 feet 2 inches ; | different and improbable , appear from time to | Winds and the higher gd A A e more are they sub- 
having 49 rings of wood, of which 36 were red wood ;” fees. in our journals, indicative "of an utter ignorance | ject to attack. Vines which grow in the form 
another of aoe same age, at the same y x two feet j ose 7 Minge they ar e| bushes are far less liable ae those which are 
== ground measured “9 feet 10 inches.” This a for The consequence has that joian trained high on trellises. f As ‘ea fa E a 
eg. Ptaa Aa dead sand, and contained above 100 aap i “have been persereringly Saoi, and these | the certain remedy fee ar a MME. ha pace 
feet of The Hares Spruce, Nos. 30, 31, | so paa = the Vine-dresser will _ him- | of powder, or in solution of some of its combina- 
self only t y if he Airp any longer from this aes in agea e ee ce on = ge + oO 
* Nos. 39 to powder, on the ti and sulphurettec 
Blair- -Drummond be nae] and = air grog “yh br gence ve troubles The r pal Re frs in | hydrogen ie off, That stag of the sul phur which is 
have E the visitation of 1647 ; as. large Walnu gai fe P ae a tated, or which was applied in di kas of 5 
tree, Ni seeming]. “pete aga anaes y troes wine the east of Kent in uia nd was in Tour ren on ised as cipita PP 
ground it, overhangs the tomb of ti retary aii ropriainis Bi ty von is parasiti fungus, to which the na: FA ponds combines, as it ms ould seem, with the nascent 
= ora Me lady, and three a bow chitdeen? the | Tuckeri was given, after the cultivator who An kaa xygen, j id tc Ta getable my 
Poan Be ATE RA Ry pak ince e vii fandis however, observed a short time cess, to ; form sulphurous acid, which is destructive 
cumference, the other 7 feet,” -| later a en ath a the joints of which the Jittle 
1856, 8 feet 6 inches, piai aiae 1836, and now they measu HEIA toes st ATES * See Duby, Note s sur are phar Se de la vigue, &e. 
