Aveust 16, 1856.] THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, 549 
ducting substance, &e. Another appe is, how and | it is = —_ larger than the ordinary grains, and some- pote em shoo bearing a flower which rests 
oop extent is the action of th n’s ray upon | tim gr ecupie s the esame e grain with Bunt. tself | on hea omer’ part bee the leaf. _it would highly 
plants comparable 546. F y g y for food, that | and my friends if y 
Is the thermometer a true exponent of the action | of the we siia if hear th lai its si ba ‘ald iota: ok of ‘cultivating the 
f thee plant. In the 
effect of Ergot he C free use ia absence of its proper des iaa it ae been called 
relates to ie science, the second to pure physio- | ever of bread into the vocation ‘ot wil a large | Bethuni re ires uch w: JD: 
quantity of Tia pane is fo i wed bA the most) Wandsworth Common. [It is peor Pe eid plant, 
“(To be continued.) di stre ressing and fatal gangrene. Its medical uses in the | too perp “i for identification. The flowers are all 
ti j; i = ee related a ss cme nepa- 
bt that e to see it fre: accompanied 
_ VEGETABLE PATHOLOGY.—No. CXXXIII. | it maraner À in a pasture. pace po ire should on no ty the Pods ea 
541. Parasirz (Cordyceps.* Ergot)—The seeds of account turn in breeding pated where Ergot a It —There is now to be 
any Grasses and some C: cee are ject of Rye in 
in the shop window 
$ m ye- mn, n. g cay grocer, of Trumpington Street, Cam- 
very curious affection, which has long been distin-| 547. T hough the partea of the action of Ergot |b idge, a glass of honey containing the extraordinary 
glass i 
fay k under the name of Er rgot. One form is fami- en used age pom seem pe the homan frame are e weight of ‘06 Ibs. net. The 
tr ae as eee Rye 3, vn bey doubt, its occasio! may pass with im- | 2 feet 6 inches high, and the diameter of a common 
the “affecti ion is scarcely les n Whe: r | punity. Children on the Baltie oisi aret tit under r cottage hive. pty glass was placed the 
Barley. Various causes have kc assigned for ‘this the name of St. John’s bread besarte experiencing any | top of a stron and i 
production, and various names giv , but it i only evil magnet ce Our represents at æ an_ the finest virgin honey in seven weeks. 
within the last e mat or ten years git t i ish = bevy i 
Lai 
sligh 
542. The older observers looked upon mere | hea: = ao $ 
diseased state of the corn, without much fonunes into | spori idia same are represented a and atd a ë 
its cause. In Sowerby’s Fungi the s portion ki ie, surface of the nh ah stylospores, | produced a glass containing abov 
varieties are figured under the name of Farinaria | highly magnified. M. J. B. Mr. L 
b, Later wri refe: t to tion: 
o 
" 
4, 
nus formed fungi of a 
agers texture on pa em fruit. From Solerotium PRACTICAL LESSONS IN BOTANY. sorted to. for 
was separa the generic rs oi Tue al f Profi Hensi he Cheltenk he benefi ge E ho denying the simplo 
madia by Fries, iiile a notion that it was not|meeting obliges us to delay the continuation of his | fact th ae purest 
truly a fun a Leveillé eonsidered — eonia interesting articles till next week. rai rom the ee o aeai coking hive: I under- 
part of the fungus to con wrinkled por- tand that Mr. L, has several other glasses in progress. 
ion at the a t as Sie part been con- Siege tee TA at 
firmed by later writers. Queckett attributed it to Hom e Corre espon ce. as.—For the purpose of ascertaining whict 
minute parasitic mould to which he gave the name of aon and Fach th s ffords ea parare to i able | amon ora e Oanada; Emperors, and — prer is 
Ergotetia. o confirm all yor ubject. Som rmh ie ‘be st Pea fora ri erop, a —— 
543. Meanwhile a curious Spheria, now assigned to | or stip years ago ants very abbie in side by side what ought n the followin 
the poroa Cordyceps, had been figured in the Flora | tubs in hss trace and P were cultivated. rione — 1, San AA o. 3 ere tton’s Earl 
Danica as springing from what aa there called a seed, | The plants were gro sooty maiden loam, and the|Champion; 3, Warner’s Conqueror; 4 Wain 
ut ‘whie A is i witk the meg How- Emper iel O'Ro 
Pte in Klotzsch’s abiem Mycologicu: ever palen: is early part of ae season, Whe’ moist | reason to believe is the true kind, and it is t! 
growing o rte be o with another also on Ergot. con nditio soil and atmosphere was taaintainéd | and best Pea of the whole lot. Nos, 2 and 3 I 
ati, howeve: P e ants made but little pro- | not distinguish from each other in any point. 
t bold), g dition | gress ; but as the fruit TE baa and a about fo ys later in coming into use 
= 
S 
mD 
— 
R Š 
-8 
<a 
=e 
Eg 
So 
TE 
=. 
E 
c] 
z3 
pE 
e] 
w 
S 
a. 
ao 
foa 
ea 
<n 258 
y rity, were ur da; in 
of S OGEI b e prese. to facilitate | No. 1. I am told that Warner’s Conqueror is only 
philosophic doubt. Whatever det may be attached | the ripening process and eonda to high Raster, the | another name for Warner’s Emperor. If 
to his observations, they were published at least as ants increased so rapidly as to threaten to disfigure if | my No. 3 is true, then Sutton’s Early Ch 
early as- 4 ee Corda peck also in can brea wage nti not destroy the cuties én crop. Various plans of eas ng | Warner’s Em prairie the same Pea. 4 
Neuigkeiten figured a of hyme Ergot, | were resorted to, but all were very tedious and none | is ee ee a appears to a very inferior 
which diated him to sete it to the pectin os Bp dale very successful. se upon the whole, proved the! strain of a old Charlee, I cannot say a O Row or 
ublished j Rourke 
hey h a 
s 
= 
Tulasne’s observations were in 1853, and if| best traps, but they do not enjoy inar as — nee 5 is correct. If it is so, Daniel Ps 
hey ey had at least, without | do woodlice, dubas do they thri dry | only poo third in point of sacl 
p i i Besi 
and Cesati’s memoirs, the merit | atmosphere. ides, n sy Tike their appearance, | matter of some importance both to si me seller 
of stack the ‘ral “nature of the substance beyond | especially so contiguous to lus fruit, and w l 
doubt, If d , with | t all the ants got the p ra ‘of them. The idea iy result of their experience on subjec’ We 
proper : meern it uniformly produces a Cord, yceps dis- | | then occurred to me of trying to rare the ant homes | want en on ay of Pea for a eg crop, cot if ets 
with 
| 8! 
us as to compel them off. With this | comparing notes we ascertain beyond all doubt 
stage the f the Er rgot exhibits a quantity of | object in view I had several nd ibaa of cow, | is | the best for “that Laci grt p ne many varaan E 
siylospores n resembling ges the spores of Hymenula. [horses a nd sheep manure made to water the tubs with l the others might 
only doubt tha ants did not relish these Solidia, still they | i iting. 
7a > rea ke | th tag ù 
soned like lawyers upon the advantages of possession, a; | On the Pr action] "Tvantages of introducing Botany into 
tayed where they were. | age ven began to series of articles contributed 
retains, for while the surf: I roal uj tbis i opra rest by by = 
wal y kept more than once on the trees, and con- | Rey, ahead nani I see that allus 
| ee “ahd. ore damage to the fruit. But no sooner | the meen zee that attends che prone of 
did the son become ally dry than y+ la returned to Pyae piel ith ormation from the collectors of valu- 
their old quarters, and aj ppeared as ppy as ever, nt to Europe from our colonies, Now 
Last of alt pn some y SA ll P to which my attention has particu- 
7 zi pey both in foreign countries and at home, and 
sive d an illustrative 
This, h 
roman tg of the co) mete ‘The sudden 1851. Itis a fact notorious to the jurors of most, if not all 
bursting of a steam boiler i in cs crow 
scarcely than the dose of guano | that countless numbers of atk Ling valuable substances 
produced in the ant homes. Their first anxiety, as is | from the animal and ble ki 
hese i insects 
lways the 
soins par young, and a few efforts were made to |} wh tterly “unable either to give htm 
t drag off the eges. But they were al } 
ing the grain of the immediately abandoned despair, and selfish | procure: % any ine gible account of ‘their origin. . 
same Grass, though the e for personal safety en meee ” Man Dy, panes posing it to have been a vegetable Epes they flea a 
ergoted grains arising d per kishe? before they reached ue sides of the ok aod zw duetter it came ienai a tree rb, but nothing 
from the action of the rs were found half-dead upon the floo ore ; nor could nay procs, of GAS a 
two species may not be ree and even pe x A — "application over tubs, floor oors, Fe f its fi leaves, 
pposing thatat d tk ime the E; ight | cl d the h the fruit t ripened in great mare 4 "Compaction with plantsof our own country (vith 
Bo aaa j; 3, | 
f eitl uccess, more or less speedy accord- 
of Cor waa may be 
d One Pers 7 vp d > Th f, 
£ 
affinity,) were always to be had when be gare 
£ Dr a were natiye nam f indefinite 
ae yee tty of the Ergot, ate: conse- | ing to ie seat of the age The ants generally | | was carried too 
peng when the Ergot is committed to he ground | writhed under it as if ho 
either species or both may ens from its gt and I have always attributed its destructive properties | | founded on false analogies and Geckos blances ; 
544, . One step towards the erad gem of a any d to the large quantity of very (but an inte ligent answer on à „point that required 
l use, If, then,the ‘timate tains. This may be the reason why I b y 
tissues of the plants are not infested with the parasite,| my experiments that the ants were not so ‘aie | was extremely rare. Be , though early training in 
it may be hoped that by steeping the grains of those | alarmed at the dry o, but no sooner botany will not narii Lagat: up men 
species as Rye m Barley in which Ergot is most | administered than their terror became intense. I was | | botanists, E do penan that it will have jooled the 
common, its attacks may t d. Should k der the i ion tk d these facts | every m an abe W 
the argot: have in, and the Cordyceps have in con- “a some of the garden periodicals, but now presume that |i co 
sequence been produced, if t ps fi I have been mistaken, Of this however I am quite | pari i : c fe, eve 
other in succession, n latter may be affected even | sure, not called into action. I believe, too, that most 
the seeds h 
ave been steeped. Besides the | or too wid a r men will Eea rig that pie, through 
Sporidia are so minute that the slightest breath of air|as I am aware, and most flowers thrive paeba a for when known and felt to be 
might take them to almost any distance, for they would | soci the pen regimen ; and thus most fortuna‘ely | present and expable ‘ot being e pera up ia ke to 
not readily fall when once wafted upwards, p bled to destroy ’a troublesome pest, and to cultivate it p 
ied down by rain. mprove the health, beauty, and productiveness of our las tly, I erie that so bape: sc oa, wi =p exeroise | it: in 
545. It is a great mistake to su suppose that ae ovens and fruit by o one and the same agent. D. T. | obtaining a knowledge of the plants pias 
very rarely affected. ee poieni forms a large | Fish, Hardwick Gardens, Bury St. Edm und’s. wile em, that there will be no colony o: E dependency = 
portion of bad samples o ts i Bethunia.—I beg to submit for your “inopec ction the Great Britain, — will not contain m: 
little known to our English gA mers. In Bar! arley it|leaf and flower of a plant which grew up in a Maak able to give such a description of any plant that cal 
attains a large size and is very conspicuous. In Wheat! pot. The leaf you will observe partakes of the form ii ll guide a proficient in botany 
of the oaks Sem Thunbergia, and Pharbitis, but the | fñniti d J D. H. 
is abil by or club, and 21922, a head. For this Claviceps | -n Eor tirely different. The plant has but one! i y advanced 
word ergot is Mita aa: a about two feet high, and whenever a leaf in co goons ke ra “a Q. TRamball viz, that 
